Compared with teenage patients, adult patients generally show a slower rate of tooth movement and more pronounced alveolar bone loss during orthodontic treatment, indicating the maladaptation of alveolar bone homeostasis under orthodontic force. However, this phenomenon is not well-elucidated to date, leading to increased treatment difficulties and unsatisfactory treatment outcomes in adult orthodontics. Aiming to provide a comprehensive knowledge and further inspire insightful understanding towards this issue, this review summarizes the current evidence and underlying mechanisms. The age-related abatements in mechanosensing and mechanotransduction in adult cells and periodontal tissue may contribute to retarded and unbalanced bone metabolism, thus hindering alveolar bone reconstruction during orthodontic treatment. To this end, periodontal surgery, physical and chemical cues are being developed to reactivate or rejuvenate the aging periodontium and restore the dynamic equilibrium of orthodontic-mediated alveolar bone metabolism. We anticipate that this review will present a general overview of the role that aging plays in orthodontic alveolar bone metabolism and shed new light on the prospective ways out of the impasse.

中文翻译：

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成人正畸中与年龄相关的牙槽骨适应不良：寻找新的出路。


与青少年患者相比，成年患者在正畸治疗过程中普遍表现出牙齿移动速度较慢、牙槽骨丢失更明显，表明牙槽骨稳态在​​正畸力作用下的适应不良。然而，迄今为止，这一现象尚未得到很好的阐明，导致成人正畸治疗难度增加，治疗效果不理想。为了提供全面的知识并进一步激发对此问题的深入理解，本综述总结了当前的证据和潜在机制。成人细胞和牙周组织中与年龄相关的机械感应和机械转导的减弱可能导致骨代谢迟缓和不平衡，从而阻碍正畸治疗期间的牙槽骨重建。为此，牙周手术正在开发物理和化学线索来重新激活或恢复老化的牙周组织并恢复正畸介导的牙槽骨代谢的动态平衡。我们预计这篇综述将对衰老在正畸牙槽骨代谢中所起的作用进行总体概述，并为摆脱僵局的前景提供新的线索。