Skin cancer ranks as the most prevalent cancer in the United States. Over the past two decades, the incidence of melanoma, the deadliest form of skin cancer, among Hispanics has risen by 20%. Melanoma mortality rates are higher in Hispanics than in non-Hispanic Whites (NHW). Early detection of melanoma via skin self-examination may lead to diagnosis of melanoma at an earlier stage, when they are thinner, less invasive, and more easily treatable, resulting in improved survival rates. Given the gap in research addressing culturally relevant factors related to skin cancer prevention and detection among Hispanics and informed by the Preventive Health Model, this study tested the associations between social and normative factors and self-efficacy with thorough skin self-examination (TSSE) intentions and queried participants about their preferences for skin cancer-related interventions. Among respondents (n = 79), 55.7% were female (n = 44), and 89.9% held a college or higher degree (n = 71). Self-efficacy fully mediated the effects of descriptive norms, injunctive norms, and provider-patient communication on TSSE intentions among Hispanics. On average, respondents demonstrated considerable interest in participating in a skin cancer-related behavioral intervention using a mobile application (75.6%) and/or using WhatsApp (71.8%). These preliminary findings provide new insights for development of future digital skin cancer intervention programs among Hispanics targeting social factors, including social norms and provider-patient communication, and utilizing preferred digital tools.

中文翻译：

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社会因素和自我效能与有皮肤癌风险的西班牙裔人的皮肤自我检查意图及其对数字干预的偏好的关联。


皮肤癌是美国最普遍的癌症。在过去的二十年里，西班牙裔人中黑色素瘤（最致命的皮肤癌）的发病率上升了 20%。西班牙裔的黑色素瘤死亡率高于非西班牙裔白人 （NHW）。通过皮肤自我检查及早发现黑色素瘤可能会导致早期诊断出黑色素瘤，此时它们更薄、侵入性更小、更容易治疗，从而提高生存率。鉴于在解决西班牙裔皮肤癌预防和检测相关的文化相关因素的研究中存在差距，并受预防健康模型的影响，本研究通过彻底的皮肤自我检查 （TSSE） 意图测试了社会和规范因素与自我效能之间的关联，并询问参与者他们对皮肤癌相关干预措施的偏好。在受访者 （n = 79） 中，55.7% 为女性 （n = 44），89.9% 拥有大学或更高学位 （n = 71）。自我效能感充分介导了描述性规范、禁令性规范和提供者-患者沟通对西班牙裔 TSSE 意图的影响。平均而言，受访者对使用移动应用程序 （75.6%） 和/或使用 WhatsApp （71.8%） 参与皮肤癌相关行为干预表现出相当大的兴趣。这些初步发现为西班牙裔未来针对社会因素（包括社会规范和提供者-患者沟通）并利用首选数字工具的数字皮肤癌干预计划的开发提供了新的见解。