This study reveals striking differences in the content and composition of hydrophilic and lipophilic compounds in blackcurrant buds (Ribes nigrum L., cv. Ben Klibreck) resulting from winter chill or chemical dormancy release following treatment with ERGER, a biostimulant used to promote uniform bud break. Buds exposed to high winter chill exhibited widespread shifts in metabolite profiles relative to buds that experience winter chill by growth under plastic. Specifically, extensive chilling resulted in significant reductions in storage lipids and phospholipids, and increases in galactolipids relative to buds that experienced lower chill. Similarly, buds exposed to greater chill exhibited higher levels of many amino acids and dipeptides, and nucleotides and nucleotide phosphates than those exposed to lower chilling hours. Low chill buds (IN) subjected to ERGER treatment exhibited shifts in metabolite profiles similar to those resembling high chill buds that were evident as soon as 3 days after treatment. We hypothesise that chilling induces a metabolic shift which primes bud outgrowth by mobilising lipophilic energy reserves, enhancing phosphate availability by switching from membrane phospholipids to galactolipids and enhancing the availability of free amino acids for de novo protein synthesis by increasing protein turnover. Our results additionally suggest that ERGER acts at least in part by priming metabolism for bud outgrowth. Finally, the metabolic differences presented highlight the potential for developing biochemical markers for dormancy status providing an alternative to time-consuming forcing experiments.

中文翻译：

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黑醋栗（Ribes nigrum）芽的低温或化学诱导休眠释放与代谢物谱的特征性变化有关。


这项研究揭示了黑加仑芽（Ribes nigrum L.，cv. Ben Klibreck）中亲水性和亲脂性化合物的含量和组成存在显着差异，这是由于冬季寒冷或用 ERGER（一种用于促进均匀芽萌芽的生物刺激剂）处理后化学休眠释放造成的。 。与在塑料下生长而经历冬季寒冷的芽相比，暴露于冬季严寒的芽表现出代谢物谱的广泛变化。具体来说，与经历较低寒冷的芽相比，广泛的冷却导致储存脂质和磷脂显着减少，并且半乳糖脂增加。类似地，与暴露于较低冷藏时间的花蕾相比，暴露于较高寒冷时间的花蕾表现出更高水平的许多氨基酸和二肽、以及核苷酸和核苷酸磷酸盐。接受 ERGER 处理的低冷芽 (IN) 表现出与高冷芽类似的代谢物谱变化，这种变化在处理后 3 天就很明显。我们假设，低温会诱导代谢转变，通过调动亲脂性能量储备来促进芽的生长，通过从膜磷脂转变为半乳糖脂来提高磷酸盐的利用率，并通过增加蛋白质周转来提高用于从头合成蛋白质的游离氨基酸的利用率。我们的结果还表明，ERGER 至少部分通过启动新陈代谢促进花芽生长发挥作用。最后，所呈现的代谢差异凸显了开发休眠状态生化标记物的潜力，为耗时的强迫实验提供了替代方案。