To examine if the prevalence of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition alcohol use disorder (AUD) differs between two groups with different age of onset of alcohol use and if endorsement of different AUD criteria differs between the two groups. A two-wave longitudinal prospective cohort survey conducted in Sweden (2017–2019) with a nationwide sample of 3,999 adolescents aged 15/16 years at baseline (T1), and 17/18 years at follow-up (T2); 2,778 current drinkers at T2 were analysed. Participants were categorized into early onset of drinking (drinking already at T1 54.3%) or late onset (not drinking at T1 but at T2, 45.8%). AUD was measured with questions corresponding to the 11 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition criteria for AUD. Potential confounding factors measured at T1 were sex, sensation-seeking, impulsivity, emotional symptoms, peer problems, conduct problems, and hyperactivity. The early onset group had a higher prevalence of AUD at T2 compared to the late onset group (36.3% vs. 23.1%, < .001). The higher risk of AUD remained significant in a linear probability model with control for additional confounding factors (β = 0.080, < .001). All individual criteria were reported more in the early onset group, and there was no evidence of differential item functioning. The age of onset of alcohol use was a significant predictor of AUD in late adolescence among Swedish adolescents. Those with an earlier onset of alcohol use had a higher prevalence of AUD and of all individual criteria. The items in the scale were similarly predictive of AUD in both groups.

中文翻译：

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青春期后期的发病年龄和 DSM-5 酒精使用障碍 – 来自瑞典的一项队列研究


旨在检查《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第五版酒精使用障碍 (AUD) 的患病率在不同饮酒年龄的两组之间是否存在差异，以及两组之间对不同 AUD 标准的认可是否存在差异。在瑞典进行的两波纵向前瞻性队列调查（2017-2019），全国范围内抽取了 3,999 名 15/16 岁青少年（基线时（T1））和随访时 17/18 岁（T2）的样本；对 2,778 名当前 T2 饮酒者进行了分析。参与者被分为早期饮酒（54.3% 在 T1 时已饮酒）或晚期饮酒（在 T1 时未饮酒，但在 T2 时饮酒，45.8%）。 AUD 的测量与《11 精神疾病诊断和统计手册》第五版 AUD 标准相对应。 T1 时测量的潜在混杂因素包括性别、寻求感觉、冲动、情绪症状、同伴问题、品行问题和多动症。与晚发组相比，早发组 T2 时 AUD 患病率较高（36.3% vs. 23.1%，< .001）。在控制其他混杂因素的线性概率模型中，AUD 的较高风险仍然显着（β = 0.080，< .001）。所有个体标准在早发组中报告较多，并且没有差异项目功能的证据。开始饮酒的年龄是瑞典青少年青春期后期 AUD 的重要预测因素。那些较早开始饮酒的人，AUD 和所有个人标准的患病率均较高。量表中的项目对两组中的 AUD 具有类似的预测作用。