INTRODUCTION To review the efficacy of various dietary interventions for induction of clinical remission in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and provide healthcare providers with a practical reference for recommending suitable diets for managing patients with IBD. METHODS PubMed, Medline(R), and Cochrane were searched from inception up to February 17, 2023, to identify all studies reporting information on using diet to treat IBD. Studies investigating the role of dietary interventions in adult patients with a confirmed diagnosis of active IBD for improvement or remission of IBD symptoms were rigorously considered. Sample meal plans, with a list of included and excluded foods, were also generated to provide clinicians with practical tools for advising patients on dietary intake. RESULTS Eleven included studies provided data on 10 distinct diets: autoimmune protocol diet, high-fiber diet, 4-strategies-to-SUlfide-Reduction diet, highly restricted diet, McMaster elimination diet for Crohn's disease, specific carbohydrate diet, Mediterranean diet, Crohn's disease exclusion diet, individualized elimination diet, and the food-specific IgG4-guided exclusion diet. A total of 9 studies provided data on clinical remission. Many of these diets share common elements, such as an initial elimination phase with subsequent reintroduction of dietary components, inclusion of whole foods, and exclusion of highly or ultraprocessed foods. DISCUSSION Currently, there is limited evidence to support the use of specific diets to treat adult patients with mildly to moderately active IBD. Larger, randomized studies with standardized methodologies and outcome measures, rigorous adherence assessment, and an emphasis on endoscopic assessment outcome measures are required to validate most diets that have been studied for IBD. The included sample diet plans and dietary recommendations may prove helpful in the interim as part of a holistic strategy to manage patients with IBD.

中文翻译：

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使用饮食治疗炎症性肠病：系统评价。


引言 回顾各种饮食干预对炎症性肠病 （IBD） 临床缓解的疗效，并为医疗保健提供者提供推荐合适饮食来管理 IBD 患者的实用参考。方法 检索了从建库到 2023 年 2 月 17 日的 PubMed、Medline（R） 和 Cochrane，以确定所有报告使用饮食治疗 IBD 信息的研究。严格考虑了调查饮食干预对确诊为活动性 IBD 的成年患者对改善或缓解 IBD 症状的作用的研究。还生成了样本膳食计划，包括包含和排除的食物清单，为临床医生提供实用工具，为患者提供饮食摄入建议。结果 11 项纳入的研究提供了 10 种不同饮食的数据：自身免疫方案饮食、高纤维饮食、减少 4 种策略饮食、高度限制饮食、克罗恩病的麦克马斯特消除饮食、特定碳水化合物饮食、地中海饮食、克罗恩病排除饮食、个体化排除饮食和食物特异性 IgG4 指导的排除饮食。共有 9 项研究提供了临床缓解的数据。这些饮食中的许多都有共同的要素，例如最初的消除阶段，随后重新引入饮食成分，包括全食物，以及排除高度加工或超加工的食物。讨论 目前，支持使用特定饮食治疗轻度至中度活动性 IBD 成年患者的证据有限。 需要具有标准化方法和结果测量、严格的依从性评估和强调内窥镜评估结果测量的更大规模的随机研究，以验证已研究 IBD 的大多数饮食。作为管理 IBD 患者整体策略的一部分，所包含的样本饮食计划和饮食建议可能会在此期间被证明是有帮助的。