Autophagy is critical for energy homeostasis and the function of organelles such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. Dysregulated autophagy due to aging, environmental factors, or genetic predisposition can be an underlying cause of not only diabetes through β-cell dysfunction and metabolic inflammation, but also diabetic complications such as diabetic kidney diseases (DKDs). Dysfunction of lysosomes, effector organelles of autophagic degradation, due to metabolic stress or nutrients/metabolites accumulating in metabolic diseases is also emerging as a cause or aggravating element in diabetes and its complications. Here, we discuss the etiological role of dysregulated autophagy and lysosomal dysfunction in diabetes and a potential role of autophagy or lysosomal modulation as a new avenue for treatment of diabetes and its complications.

中文翻译：

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糖尿病中的自噬和溶酶体功能障碍及其并发症


自噬对于能量稳态和细胞器（如内质网 （ER） 和线粒体）的功能至关重要。由于衰老、环境因素或遗传易感性导致的自噬失调不仅可能是糖尿病的潜在原因，包括β细胞功能障碍和代谢炎症，还可能是糖尿病并发症，如糖尿病肾病 （DKD）。由于代谢应激或代谢疾病中营养物质/代谢物积累而导致的溶酶体、自噬降解的效应细胞器功能障碍也成为糖尿病及其并发症的原因或加重因素。在这里，我们讨论了失调的自噬和溶酶体功能障碍在糖尿病中的病因作用，以及自噬或溶酶体调节作为治疗糖尿病及其并发症的新途径的潜在作用。