BACKGROUND We hypothesized that women are underrepresented among fellows of the American Orthopaedic Association (AOA) relative to their prevalence among faculty at departments of orthopaedic surgery. METHODS Clinical faculty at departments of orthopaedic surgery that are affiliated with residency training programs were analyzed for AOA membership. Participation-to-prevalence ratios (PPRs) were calculated for men and women with AOA membership relative to their prevalence among orthopaedic surgeon faculty. A PPR of <0.8 or >1.2 indicated under- or overrepresentation, respectively. PPR values between 0.8 and 1.2 indicated equivalent representation. Sex disparities in AOA membership were explored by academic rank and orthopaedic subspecialty. RESULTS There were 4,310 orthopaedic surgery faculty, and 998 (23.2%) had AOA membership. Overall, women formed the minority of members in the AOA study cohort (11.4%), but they had equivalent representation relative to their prevalence among faculty (10.0%, PPR = 1.14, p = 0.210). In the AOA study cohort, women were the minority at each academic rank, including assistant professor (20.2% versus 79.8%, p < 0.001), associate professor (16.8% versus 83.2%, p < 0.001), and full professor (7.0% versus 93.0%, p < 0.001). However, women had greater representation in the AOA study cohort at each academic rank than would be expected based on their prevalence among faculty, including the assistant (PPR = 1.45), associate (PPR = 1.56), and full (PPR = 1.27) professor levels. Similarly, in the AOA study cohort, women were the minority in each orthopaedic subspecialty, but were only underrepresented in pediatric orthopaedics (PPR = 0.74). Women had greater representation in the AOA study cohort than would be expected by their prevalence among faculty in hand surgery (PPR = 1.51) and orthopaedic sports medicine (PPR = 1.33). In contrast, men had equivalent representation in each orthopaedic subspecialty. CONCLUSIONS Women form a minority group in the AOA, but they exhibit greater representation in the AOA than would be expected based on their prevalence among faculty at each academic rank, and they have greater representation than men, who exhibit equivalent representation across all academic ranks. Collectively, these results disproved our hypothesis, and suggest that women are participating in the AOA at rates that are greater than their prevalence among faculty. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Equitable participation of women in orthopaedic surgery is necessary to promote diversity and inclusion in the specialty. The AOA may be an important catalyst for future positive diversity and inclusion efforts within orthopaedic surgery.

中文翻译：

---

美国骨科协会研究员的性别多样性和公平性。


背景我们假设，相对于骨科外科医生中女性的比例，美国骨科协会 (AOA) 研究员中女性的比例较低。方法 对附属于住院医师培训计划的骨科外科部门的临床教职人员进行 AOA 会员资格分析。计算了 AOA 会员的男性和女性的参与患病率 (PPR) 与其在骨科医生中的患病率。 PPR 为 <0 id=0>1.2 分别表示代表性不足或过高。 PPR 值在 0.8 和 1.2 之间表示等效表示。通过学术排名和骨科亚专业探讨了 AOA 会员中的性别差异。结果 共有 4,310 名骨外科教职人员，其中 998 名（23.2%）拥有 AOA 会员资格。总体而言，女性在 AOA 研究队列中占少数 (11.4%)，但相对于其在教师中的流行率，女性的代表性相当 (10.0%，PPR = 1.14，p = 0.210)。在 AOA 研究队列中，女性在各个学术级别中均占少数，包括助理教授（20.2% 对比 79.8%，p < 0.001）、副教授（16.8% 对比 83.2%，p < 0.001）和正教授（7.0%）对比 93.0%，p < 0.001）。然而，女性在 AOA 研究队列中各个学术级别的代表性高于根据她们在教师中的流行程度所预期的比例，包括助理教授 (PPR = 1.45)、副教授 (PPR = 1.56) 和正教授 (PPR = 1.27)水平。同样，在 AOA 研究队列中，女性在每个骨科亚专科中均占少数，但仅在儿科骨科中代表性不足 (PPR = 0.74)。 女性在 AOA 研究队列中的代表性高于手外科 (PPR = 1.51) 和骨科运动医学 (PPR = 1.33) 教师中女性比例的预期。相比之下，男性在每个骨科亚专业中都有同等的代表性。结论 女性在 AOA 中属于少数群体，但她们在 AOA 中的代表性高于根据其在各学术级别教师中的流行程度所预期的水平，并且她们的代表性高于男性，而男性在所有学术级别中的代表性相同。总的来说，这些结果反驳了我们的假设，并表明女性参与 AOA 的比例高于其在教师中的比例。临床相关性 女性公平参与骨科手术对于促进专业的多样性和包容性是必要的。 AOA 可能是骨科手术领域未来积极多样性和包容性努力的重要催化剂。