For the first time in its 130-year history, the American Psychological Association formally admitted to its ugly racist past and acknowledged how White supremacy continues to pervade the profession. Although the apology spans the entire field of psychology, the primary focus of this article is on how the profession of counseling and psychotherapy has reinforced and contributed to the oppression of people of color. First, we contend that psychology mirrors cultural racism/White supremacy and represents the major framework from which psychologists and other social scientists with power and privilege located the source of problems within people of color, their family values/structures, and their communities. Second, we maintain that the concept of professionalism has resulted in four legitimizing pillars of counseling and psychotherapy in which polarities are created that value universalism over relativism, individualism over collectivism, objectivism over subjectivism, and empiricism over experientialism. These four foundations of a White epistemology channel and subsidize racism by equating racial/cultural differences with pathology; promoting color and power blindness; blaming the victim; dehumanization and objectification; and denial of different racial realities. Last, we offer solutions for dismantling racism in counseling and psychotherapy. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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咨询和心理治疗中的种族主义：照亮和解除武装。


美国心理学会在其 130 年的历史上首次正式承认其丑陋的种族主义过去，并承认白人至上主义如何继续在该行业中普遍存在。尽管道歉涵盖了整个心理学领域，但本文的主要焦点是咨询和心理治疗专业如何加强和助长了对有色人种的压迫。首先，我们认为心理学反映了文化种族主义/白人至上主义，并代表了心理学家和其他拥有权力和特权的社会科学家确定有色人种、他们的家庭价值观/结构和社区问题根源的主要框架。其次，我们认为，专业主义的概念导致了咨询和心理治疗的四个合法化支柱，其中产生了对立，即重视普遍主义而不是相对主义，个人主义而不是集体主义，客观主义而不是主观主义，经验主义而不是经验主义。白人认识论的这四个基础通过将种族/文化差异与病理学等同起来来引导和资助种族主义；宣扬色盲和权力盲；指责受害者；非人化和客体化；并否认不同种族的现实。最后，我们提供咨询和心理治疗中消除种族主义的解决方案。 （PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。