The development of wearable biosensors is intrinsically linked to the properties of their constituent materials. Hydrogels, recognized for their multifunctional characteristics, have become pivotal in advancing these sensors. Notably, Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels have shown significant advancements due to their unique properties. Integrating these hydrogels into wearable biosensors enhances their sensitivity, stability, and reliability, and broadens their application in sweat detection. Sweat contains various biomarkers, including electrolytes and proteins, making it a valuable medium for non-invasive health monitoring, providing real-time insights into physiological conditions, hydration, and metabolism. This review delves into the conduction mechanisms of conductive hydrogels, their primary characteristics, and the application of different biosensing mechanisms in sweat detection, offering a forward-looking perspective on future developments in this field.

中文翻译：

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PVA导电水凝胶可穿戴生物传感器在汗液检测中的研究进展


可穿戴生物传感器的发展与其构成材料的特性有着内在的联系。水凝胶因其多功能特性而受到认可，已成为推动这些传感器发展的关键。值得注意的是，聚乙烯醇（PVA）水凝胶由于其独特的性能而显示出显着的进步。将这些水凝胶集成到可穿戴生物传感器中可以增强其灵敏度、稳定性和可靠性，并扩大其在汗液检测中的应用。汗液含有各种生物标志物，包括电解质和蛋白质，使其成为无创健康监测的宝贵媒介，提供对生理状况、水合作用和新陈代谢的实时洞察。本文深入探讨了导电水凝胶的传导机制、主要特性以及不同生物传感机制在汗液检测中的应用，为该领域的未来发展提供了前瞻性的视角。