Third parties have increasingly become the focus of research on mistreatment in organizations. Much of that work is grounded in deonance theory, which argues that third parties should react to the perpetrators of mistreatment with anger. Deonance theory is less explicit as to how third parties should react to the victims of mistreatment, though empirical work has pointed to empathy as one potential reaction. Deonance theory is less capable of explaining recent findings suggesting that third parties may react to mistreatment events with schadenfreude. The purpose of our study was to conduct a meta-analytic test of an integrative model specifying the relationships between third-party perceptions of mistreatment and reactions to perpetrators and victims. That model predicted that third-party perceptions of mistreatment would be associated with emotional reactions (anger toward the perpetrator, empathy toward the victim, schadenfreude from the event), cognitive reactions (evaluations of the perpetrator and victim), and behavioral reactions (antisocial and prosocial behaviors toward the perpetrator and victim). Our model testing provides the first quantitative synthesis of the third-party mistreatment literature while surfacing counterintuitive findings that would not be anticipated from deonance theory's arguments. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of our work while providing guidance for future research. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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第三方对虐待的看法：对肇事者和受害者反应的荟萃分析和综合模型。


第三方日益成为组织中虐待行为研究的焦点。其中大部分工作都以解除契约理论为基础，该理论认为第三方应该对虐待的肇事者做出愤怒的反应。尽管实证研究表明同理心是一种潜在的反应，但解除理论对于第三方应如何对虐待受害者做出反应不太明确。解除契约理论不太能解释最近的发现，这些发现表明第三方可能会对虐待事件幸灾乐祸。我们研究的目的是对一个综合模型进行荟萃分析测试，该模型详细说明了第三方对虐待的看法与对施暴者和受害者的反应之间的关系。该模型预测，第三方对虐待的看法将与情绪反应（对施暴者的愤怒、对受害者的同情、对事件的幸灾乐祸）、认知反应（对施暴者和受害者的评价）和行为反应（反社会和对施暴者和受害者的亲社会行为）。我们的模型测试首次对第三方虐待文献进行了定量综合，同时提出了反直觉理论的论点无法预料到的反直觉的发现。我们讨论我们工作的理论和实践意义，同时为未来的研究提供指导。 （PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。