Negative life events can lead to lasting changes in subjective well-being (SWB). However, people change differently in their SWB after negative life events, and our understanding of factors explaining these individual differences is still limited-possibly because research so far has neglected to investigate differences in the characteristics of the experienced events (e.g., perceived impact, causes of the event). To address this gap, we examined whether perceived event characteristics and objective-descriptive characteristics of negative life events can explain individual differences in changes in SWB. We used data from a longitudinal study in which the SWB of participants (N = 1,068) who had recently experienced a negative life event was assessed at five measurement occasions over 6 months. Perceived event characteristics and objective-descriptive event characteristics were significantly related to each other. Furthermore, both kinds of event characteristics were associated with individual differences in changes in SWB. Finally, specification curve analyses illustrated that several analytical decisions (e.g., the examined SWB component) influenced the association between an event characteristic and changes in SWB. Results from these specification curve analyses can be accessed via a ShinyApp (https://life-event-research.shinyapps.io/EventCharacteristics/). Our findings provide insights into possible causes of the event perception and show that both perceived event characteristics and objective-descriptive event characteristics can help to better understand individual differences in the reaction to major life events. However, as effects seem to depend on several analytical decisions, future research is needed to identify the important characteristics of life events for different events and outcomes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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主观幸福感变化的个体差异：消极生活事件后事件特征的作用。


负面生活事件可能会导致主观幸福感（SWB）发生持久变化。然而，人们在经历负面生活事件后，主观幸福感会发生不同的变化，而我们对解释这些个体差异的因素的理解仍然有限——可能是因为迄今为止的研究忽视了对经历过的事件的特征的差异的调查（例如，感知到的影响、原因）。事件）。为了解决这一差距，我们研究了消极生活事件的感知事件特征和客观描述特征是否可以解释主观幸福感变化的个体差异。我们使用了一项纵向研究的数据，其中对最近经历过负面生活事件的参与者（N = 1,068）的主观幸福感进行了为期 6 个月的五次测量。感知事件特征和客观描述事件特征彼此显着相关。此外，这两种事件特征都与主观幸福感变化的个体差异相关。最后，规范曲线分析表明，几个分析决策（例如，检查的 SWB 成分）影响事件特征和 SWB 变化之间的关联。这些规格曲线分析的结果可以通过 ShinyApp (https://life-event-research.shinyapps.io/EventCharacteristics/) 访问。我们的研究结果提供了对事件感知的可能原因的见解，并表明感知事件特征和客观描述性事件特征都有助于更好地理解对重大生活事件反应的个体差异。 然而，由于影响似乎取决于多个分析决策，因此需要未来的研究来确定不同事件和结果的生活事件的重要特征。 （PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。