A novel environmentally friendly electrochemical method for synthesizing vanadium boride powders from oxide-based electrolytes was introduced. During this process, co-depositions of vanadium and boron atoms took place on the surface of the low alloyed steel substrates at various stoichiometries, VxBy (x≥1; y≥1). The effects of critical electrolysis parameters namely current density (70, 100, 200, 500 mA/cm2), and temperature (900, 950, 1000 °C) were investigated systematically. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses revealed that at low current density (70 mA/cm2) VB is the main phase; whereas, VB2 became a dominant structure at 100 and 200 mA/cm2. However, at high current densities like 500 mA/cm2 mixed borides containing VB- V3B4- V2B3 -VB2 were detected. The electrolysis temperatures did not cause major variations in the composition of synthesized borides. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) as well as grain size investigations indicated that there is no significant influence of electrolysis conditions on the particle size and it is possible to manufacture high-quality, stoichiometric VB, and VB2 powders with ≈ 4 µm particle size. The best parameters for producing powders containing primarily VB and VB2 powders were determined as 1000 °C, 70 mA/cm2, and 900 °C, 200 mA/cm2, respectively.

中文翻译：

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从其氧化物盐电化学合成硼化钒粉末


介绍了一种从氧化物基电解质合成硼化钒粉末的新型环保电化学方法。在此过程中，钒和硼原子以不同的化学计量 VxBy （x≥1; y≥1） 在低合金钢基体的表面上发生共沉积。系统研究了关键电解参数，即电流密度 （70， 100， 200， 500 mA/cm2） 和温度 （900， 950， 1000 °C） 的影响。X 射线衍射 （XRD） 分析表明，在低电流密度 （70 mA/cm2） 下，VB 是主相;而 VB2 在 100 和 200 mA/cm2 时成为优势结构。然而，在 500 mA/cm2 等高电流密度下，检测到含有 VB-V3B4-V2B3-VB2 的混合硼化物。电解温度不会导致合成的硼化物的组成发生重大变化。扫描电子显微镜 （SEM） 和透射电子显微镜 （TEM） 以及粒度研究表明，电解条件对粒度没有显着影响，并且可以制造出粒径≈ 4 μm 的高质量化学计量 VB 和 VB2 粉末。生产主要含有 VB 和 VB2 粉末的粉末的最佳参数分别为 1000 °C、70 mA/cm2 和 900 °C、200 mA/cm2。