RNA medicines represent a paradigm shift in treatment and prevention of critical diseases of global significance, , infectious diseases. The highly successful messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were developed at record speed during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. A consequence of this is exceptionally shortened vaccine development times, which in combination with adaptability makes the RNA vaccine technology highly attractive against infectious diseases and for pandemic preparedness. Here, we review state of the art in the design and delivery of RNA vaccines for infectious diseases based on different RNA modalities, including linear mRNA, self-amplifying RNA, -amplifying RNA, and circular RNA. We provide an overview of the clinical pipeline of RNA vaccines for infectious diseases, and present analytical procedures, which are paramount for characterizing quality attributes and guaranteeing their quality, and we discuss future perspectives for using RNA vaccines to combat pathogens beyond SARS-CoV-2.

中文翻译：

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传染病 RNA 疫苗的设计和交付进展


RNA药物代表了治疗和预防具有全球意义的重大疾病、传染病的范式转变。针对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 的信使 RNA (mRNA) 疫苗在 2019 年冠状病毒病大流行期间以创纪录的速度开发出来，非常成功。其结果是大大缩短了疫苗开发时间，再加上适应性，使得 RNA 疫苗技术在对抗传染病和大流行防范方面极具吸引力。在这里，我们回顾了基于不同 RNA 模式（包括线性 mRNA、自扩增 RNA、β 扩增 RNA 和环状 RNA）的传染病 RNA 疫苗设计和递送的最新技术。我们概述了用于传染病的 RNA 疫苗的临床管道，并介绍了分析程序，这对于表征质量属性和保证其质量至关重要，我们还讨论了使用 RNA 疫苗对抗 SARS-CoV-2 以外的病原体的未来前景。