The demarcation between monogenic and polygenic type 2 diabetes (T2D) is less distinct than previously believed. Notably, recent research has highlighted a new entity, that we suggest calling oligogenic forms of T2D, serving as a genetic link between these two forms. In this opinion article, we have reviewed scientific advances that suggest categorizing genes involved in oligogenic T2D. Research focused on polygenic T2D has faced challenges in deepening our comprehension of the pathophysiology of T2D due to the inability to directly establish causal links between a signal and the molecular mechanisms underlying the disease. However, the study of oligogenic forms of T2D has illuminated distinct causal connections between genes and disease risk, thereby indicating potential new drug targets.

中文翻译：

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致力于认识 2 型糖尿病的寡基因形式。


单基因和多基因 2 型糖尿病 (T2D) 之间的界限并不像以前认为的那么明显。值得注意的是，最近的研究强调了一个新的实体，我们建议将其称为寡基因形式的 T2D，作为这两种形式之间的遗传联系。在这篇观点文章中，我们回顾了建议对寡基因 T2D 相关基因进行分类的科学进展。由于无法直接建立信号与疾病背后的分子机制之间的因果关系，针对多基因 T2D 的研究在加深我们对 T2D 病理生理学的理解方面面临着挑战。然而，对 T2D 寡基因形式的研究阐明了基因与疾病风险之间的独特因果关系，从而表明了潜在的新药物靶点。