Frailty is a multisystem syndrome of decreased physiologic reserve that has been shown to strongly and independently predict morbidity and mortality. Frailty is prevalent in patients living with kidney disease and occurs earlier in individuals with kidney disease as compared to the general population. In this comprehensive review, we examine clinical and research applications of frailty in kidney disease populations. Specifically, we clarify the definition of frailty and address common misconceptions, review the mechanisms and epidemiology of frailty in kidney disease, discuss challenges and limitations in frailty measurement, and provide updated evidence related to risk factors for frailty, its associated adverse outcomes, and interventions. We further add to the literature in this topic by highlighting the potential applications of frailty measurement in the care of patients with kidney disease and conclude with our recommendations for future research related to this important syndrome.

中文翻译：

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肾脏疾病的虚弱性：推进其临床和研究应用的综合综述


虚弱是一种生理储备减少的多系统综合征，已被证明可以强烈且独立地预测发病率和死亡率。虚弱在肾病患者中普遍存在，与一般人群相比，肾病患者更早发生。在这篇全面的综述中，我们研究了衰弱在肾脏疾病人群中的临床和研究应用。具体来说，我们阐明了衰弱的定义并解决了常见的误解，回顾了肾脏疾病衰弱的机制和流行病学，讨论了衰弱测量的挑战和局限性，并提供了与衰弱危险因素、其相关不良结局和干预措施相关的更新证据。我们进一步补充了本主题的文献，强调了虚弱测量在肾病患者护理中的潜在应用，并总结了我们对与这一重要综合征相关的未来研究的建议。