Suicide attempts (SAs) are commonly assessed by asking patients and study participants face-valid questions about whether an individual has engaged in any self-injurious behavior with the intent to die within a given timeframe. Unfortunately, for most clinical and scientific endeavors, only information about the presence vs. absence of a SA is documented and analyzed. In this Viewpoint, we discuss how such a dichotomous operationalization of SAs obscures important heterogeneity among those who have attempted suicide. There are several facets of SAs, beyond the simple presence vs. absence, that are important to consider because they have implications regarding acute and long-term clinical outcomes. These facets include the level of intent to die, the means used and associated risk for death, the actual medical consequences of the attempt, and the chronicity of the behavior. We discuss how considering these SA facets-in theory testing and refinement, the design, analysis, and interpretation of research findings, and clinical practice-will improve the impact of scientific findings. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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超越自杀企图的二分法操作。


自杀未遂（SA）通常通过询问患者和研究参与者一些有效的问题来评估，即一个人是否有任何自残行为，意图在给定的时间内死亡。不幸的是，对于大多数临床和科学工作来说，仅记录和分析有关 SA 是否存在的信息。在这个观点中，我们讨论了 SA 的这种二分法操作如何掩盖了那些试图自杀的人之间的重要异质性。除了简单的存在与不存在之外，SA 的几个方面也很重要，因为它们对急性和长期临床结果具有影响。这些方面包括死亡意图的程度、所使用的手段和相关的死亡风险、尝试的实际医疗后果以及行为的长期性。我们讨论如何考虑这些 SA 方面（理论测试和完善、研究结果的设计、分析和解释以及临床实践）将提高科学发现的影响力。 （PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。