Meeting the Paris Agreement’s climate targets necessitates better knowledge about which climate policies work in reducing emissions at the necessary scale. We provide a global, systematic ex post evaluation to identify policy combinations that have led to large emission reductions out of 1500 climate policies implemented between 1998 and 2022 across 41 countries from six continents. Our approach integrates a comprehensive climate policy database with a machine learning–based extension of the common difference-in-differences approach. We identified 63 successful policy interventions with total emission reductions between 0.6 billion and 1.8 billion metric tonnes CO 2 . Our insights on effective but rarely studied policy combinations highlight the important role of price-based instruments in well-designed policy mixes and the policy efforts necessary for closing the emissions gap.

中文翻译：

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实现大幅减排的气候政策：二十年来的全球证据


实现《巴黎协定》的气候目标需要更好地了解哪些气候政策有助于减少必要规模的排放。我们提供全球性、系统性的事后评估，以确定 1998 年至 2022 年间在六大洲 41 个国家实施的 1500 项气候政策中，哪些政策组合导致了大幅减排。我们的方法将全面的气候政策数据库与基于机器学习的常见双重差分方法的扩展相结合。我们确定了 63 项成功的政策干预措施，总减排量在 6 亿至 18 亿吨 CO 2 之间。我们对有效但很少研究的政策组合的见解凸显了基于价格的工具在精心设计的政策组合中的重要作用以及缩小排放差距所需的政策努力。