ObjectivesTo investigate the effects of alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) on ridge height, sinus pneumatization and the potential need for lateral sinus augmentation following extraction in the posterior maxilla.Materials and MethodsThis randomized controlled pilot study included 28 patients requiring extraction in the posterior maxilla with bone height between 6 and 8 mm. The sites were randomly allocated to either unassisted socket healing (Control), ARP with deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) (Test 1), or collagen‐stabilized DBBM (Test 2) groups. Pre‐ and post‐operative CTs at 4 months were taken to determine changes in ridge heights, sinus volume, and the need for sinus floor elevation (SFE) procedures for cases where the residual mid‐ridge height was < 5 mm. Site‐level analyses for changes in vertical ridge dimensions and sinus volume pre‐ and post‐extraction/ARP were conducted using paired t‐tests. Differences in mean changes in vertical ridge dimensions and sinus volume between the groups were determined using one‐way ANOVA.ResultsSignificantly greater mean mid‐ridge height reduction occurred in the control group (−2.7 ± 0.9 mm) compared to Test 1 (0.9 ± 3.7 mm) and Test 2 (1.0 ± 2.8 mm) groups (p < .05). No significant changes in mean mid‐ridge height were found in either test groups. Volumetric analysis showed a significantly greater increase in sinus volume in the control group (0.7 ± 0.7 cm3) compared to Test 1 (n = 3, −0.7 ± 0.8 cm3) group (p = .03). 89% of patients in the control group would require lateral window SFE compared to Test 1 (42.8%) and Test 2 (40%) groups.ConclusionARP was effective in attenuating height changes in the middle of the ridge and may reduce sinus pneumatization following extraction in the posterior maxilla. This could potentially decrease the need for more invasive sinus augmentation procedures.

中文翻译：

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保留上颌后牙的牙槽嵴以减少上颌窦底抬高手术的潜在需求：一项试点研究


目的 探讨保留牙槽嵴 (ARP) 对牙槽嵴高度、上颌窦充气以及后上颌骨拔除后是否需要进行侧窦提升的影响。 材料和方法 这项随机对照试验研究包括 28 名需要拔除上颌后骨带骨的患者高度在 6 至 8 毫米之间。这些部位被随机分配到无辅助牙槽窝愈合（对照）、使用脱蛋白牛骨矿物质 (DBBM) 的 ARP（测试 1）或胶原稳定的 DBBM（测试 2）组。术前和术后 4 个月进行 CT 检查，以确定牙槽嵴高度、窦体积的变化，以及在残余中脊高度 < 5 毫米的情况下是否需要进行窦底抬高 (SFE) 手术。使用配对进行拔牙前后垂直牙槽嵴尺寸和窦体积变化的位点分析/ARP t ‐测试。使用单向方差分析确定各组之间垂直牙槽嵴尺寸和窦体积的平均变化差异。结果与测试 1（0.9 ± 3.7 mm) 和测试 2 (1.0 ± 2.8 mm) 组 ( p < .05)。两个测试组的平均中脊高度均未发现显着变化。体积分析显示对照组的窦体积显着增加（0.7 ± 0.7 cm 3 ) 与测试 1 ( n = 3, −0.7 ± 0.8 厘米3 ） 团体 （ p = .03)。与测试 1 (42.8%) 和测试 2 (40%) 组相比，对照组中有 89% 的患者需要侧窗 SFE。结论ARP 可有效减弱牙槽嵴中部的高度变化，并可减少上颌后牙拔除后的窦气化。这可能会减少对更具侵入性的鼻窦增高手术的需求。