The diagnosis of personality disorder (PD) is undergoing a transition from a categorical model that distinguishes types from one another to a model that characterizes patients with dimensional profiles. The DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed.) alternative model of personality disorder (AMPD) and the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (11th ed.) have two primary criteria: the first is a dimension that differentiates PD from both normal personality and other kinds of disorder, can be used to indicate the overall level of severity of a patient's functional difficulties, and is the basis for PD diagnosis. The second is a set of traits with structural connections to normal-range personality variables that characterize the type of problems the patient is likely to have. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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如果人格障碍只是适应不良的特征，那么就没有人格障碍这样的东西。


人格障碍（PD）的诊断正在经历从区分不同类型的分类模型到用维度特征描述患者特征的模型的转变。 DSM-5（精神疾病诊断和统计手册，第 5 版）人格障碍 (AMPD) 替代模型和国际疾病和相关健康问题统计分类（第 11 版）有两个主要标准：第一个是该维度将帕金森病与正常人格和其他类型的障碍区分开来，可用于指示患者功能困难的总体严重程度，是帕金森病诊断的基础。第二个是一组与正常范围的人格变量有结构联系的特征，这些变量表征了患者可能遇到的问题类型。 （PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。