Mitochondria are double membrane-bound organelles the network morphology of which in cells is shaped by opposing events of fusion and fission executed by dynamin-like GTPases. Mutations in these genes can perturb the form and functions of mitochondria in cell and animal models of mitochondrial diseases. An expanding array of chemical, mechanical, and genetic stressors can converge on mitochondrial-shaping proteins and disrupt mitochondrial morphology. In recent years, studies aimed at disentangling the multiple roles of mitochondrial-shaping proteins beyond fission or fusion have provided insights into the homeostatic relevance of mitochondrial morphology. Here, I review the pleiotropy of mitochondrial fusion and fission proteins with the aim of understanding whether mitochondrial morphology is important for cell and tissue physiology.

中文翻译：

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线粒体形态对细胞生理学重要吗？


线粒体是双膜结合的细胞器，其网络形态在细胞中是由动力蛋白样 GTP 酶执行的相反的融合和裂变事件形成的。这些基因的突变会扰乱线粒体疾病细胞和动物模型中线粒体的形式和功能。越来越多的化学、机械和遗传应激源可以聚集在线粒体形成的蛋白质上并破坏线粒体形态。近年来，旨在解开线粒体形状蛋白在裂变或融合之外的多重作用的研究为线粒体形态的稳态相关性提供了见解。在这里，我回顾了线粒体融合和裂变蛋白的多效性，目的是了解线粒体形态对细胞和组织生理学是否重要。