Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD), caused by infection with the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis, usually manifests as meningitis or septicemia and can be severe and life-threatening (1). Six serogroups (A, B, C, W, X, and Y) account for most cases (2). N. meningitidis is transmitted person-to-person via respiratory droplets and oropharyngeal secretions. Asymptomatic persons can carry N. meningitidis and transmit the bacteria to others, potentially causing illness among susceptible persons. Outbreaks can occur in conjunction with large gatherings (3,4). Vaccines are available to prevent meningococcal disease. Antibiotic prophylaxis for close contacts of infected persons is critical to preventing secondary cases (2).

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与前往沙特阿拉伯朝圣旅行相关的脑膜炎球菌病病例 - 美国、英国和法国，2024 年。


侵袭性脑膜炎球菌病 (IMD) 由脑膜炎奈瑟菌感染引起，通常表现为脑膜炎或败血症，病情严重，甚至危及生命 (1)。六个血清群（A、B、C、W、X 和 Y）占大多数病例 (2)。脑膜炎奈瑟菌通过呼吸道飞沫和口咽分泌物在人与人之间传播。无症状的人可以携带脑膜炎奈瑟菌并将细菌传播给其他人，可能导致易感人群患病。疫情可能与大型集会同时发生 (3,4)。疫苗可用于预防脑膜炎球菌病。对感染者的密切接触者进行抗生素预防对于预防继发病例至关重要 (2)。