Throughout our lifetime, each beat of the heart requires the coordinated action of multiple cardiac cell types. Understanding cardiac cell biology, its intricate microenvironments, and the mechanisms that govern their function in health and disease are crucial to designing novel therapeutical and behavioral interventions. Recent advances in single-cell and spatial omics technologies have significantly propelled this understanding, offering novel insights into the cellular diversity and function and the complex interactions of cardiac tissue. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the cellular landscape of the heart, bridging the gap between suspension-based and emerging in situ approaches, focusing on the experimental and computational challenges, comparative analyses of mouse and human cardiac systems, and the rising contextualization of cardiac cells within their niches. As we explore the heart at this unprecedented resolution, integrating insights from both mouse and human studies will pave the way for novel diagnostic tools and therapeutic interventions, ultimately improving outcomes for patients with cardiovascular diseases.

中文翻译：

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重温单细胞和空间组学时代的心脏生物学。


在我们的一生中，心脏的每次跳动都需要多种心肌细胞类型的协调作用。了解心脏细胞生物学、其复杂的微环境以及控制其在健康和疾病中的功能的机制对于设计新颖的治疗和行为干预措施至关重要。单细胞和空间组学技术的最新进展极大地推动了这种理解，为细胞多样性和功能以及心脏组织的复杂相互作用提供了新的见解。这篇综述对心脏的细胞景观进行了全面的概述，弥合了基于悬浮的方法和新兴的原位方法之间的差距，重点关注了实验和计算挑战、小鼠和人类心脏系统的比较分析以及心脏的不断上升的情境化细胞在它们的生态位内。当我们以前所未有的分辨率探索心脏时，整合小鼠和人类研究的见解将为新型诊断工具和治疗干预措施铺平道路，最终改善心血管疾病患者的治疗结果。