AIM The aim of this study on native human cadavers was to compare clinical, sonographic, and radiological measurements of fenestrations, dehiscences, and 3-wall bone defects on implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS The examination was carried out on five human mandibles. After the insertion of 27 implants, dehiscences (n = 14), fenestrations (n = 7) and 3-wall bone defects (n = 6) were prepared in a standardized manner. The direct measurement of the bone defects was carried out with a periodontal probe and the radiological examination was carried out using digital volume tomography (DVT). The ultrasound examination (US) was performed using a clinical 24-MHz US imaging probe. Means and standard deviations of the direct, US, and DVT measurements were calculated. Measurements were statistically compared using the Pearson correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman analysis. RESULTS Bone defects were on average 3.22 ± 1.58 mm per direct measurement, 2.90 ± 1.47 mm using US, and 2.99 ± 1.52 mm per DVT assessment. Pairwise correlations of these measurements were R = .94 (p < .0001) between direct and US, R = .95 (p < .0001) between DVT and US, and R = .96 (p < .0001) between direct and DVT. The mean differences of the measurements (and 95% CI) between direct and US was 0.41 (-0.47 to 1.29), US and DVT 0.33 (-0.30 to 0.97), and direct and DVT 0.28 (-0.50 to 1.07). CONCLUSION All peri-implant bone defects could be identified and sonographically measured. US measurements showed a strong correlation with direct and DVT measurements. The sonographic measurement accuracy was highest for dehiscences, followed by fenestrations and 3-wall bone defects.

中文翻译：

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超声检查诊断种植体周围骨缺陷：对天然人类下颌骨的体外研究。


目的 这项针对天然人类尸体的研究的目的是比较植入物上开窗、裂开和三壁骨缺损的临床、超声检查和放射学测量结果。材料和方法 该检查是在五个人类下颌骨上进行的。插入 27 个种植体后，以标准化方式制备裂开 (n = 14)、开窗 (n = 7) 和三壁骨缺损 (n = 6)。使用牙周探针直接测量骨缺损，并使用数字体积断层扫描（DVT）进行放射学检查。使用临床 24 MHz US 成像探头进行超声检查 (US)。计算直接、US 和 DVT 测量的平均值和标准偏差。使用 Pearson 相关系数和 Bland-Altman 分析对测量结果进行统计比较。结果 每次直接测量骨缺损平均为 3.22 ± 1.58 mm，使用 US 测量为 2.90 ± 1.47 mm，每次 DVT 评估为 2.99 ± 1.52 mm。这些测量值的成对相关性为：直接测量与 US 之间的 R = .94 (p < .0001)、DVT 与 US 之间的 R = .95 (p < .0001)、以及 R = .96 (p < .0001)介于直接和 DVT 之间。直接和超声测量的平均差异（95% CI）为 0.41（-0.47 至 1.29），超声和 DVT 为 0.33（-0.30 至 0.97），直接和 DVT 为 0.28（-0.50 至 1.07）。结论 所有种植体周围骨缺损都可以被识别并通过超声检查进行测量。美国测量结果显示与直接测量和 DVT 测量有很强的相关性。裂开的超声测量准确度最高，其次是开窗和三壁骨缺损。