Regeneration is a persistent process that restores tissue architecture and function in the face of day-to-day cell loss or the aftershock of injury. Capacities and mechanisms for regeneration can vary widely among species, organs, and injury contexts. Here, we describe “hallmarks” of regeneration found in diverse settings of the animal kingdom, including activation of a cell source, initiation of regenerative programs in the source, interplay with supporting cell types, and control of tissue size and function. We discuss these hallmarks with an eye toward major challenges and applications of regenerative biology.

中文翻译：

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再生的标志


再生是一个持续的过程，可以在面对日常细胞损失或损伤余震时恢复组织结构和功能。再生能力和机制因物种、器官和损伤情况而异。在这里，我们描述了在动物界的不同环境中发现的再生“标志”，包括细胞源的激活、源中再生程序的启动、与支持细胞类型的相互作用以及组织大小和功能的控制。我们讨论这些特征时着眼于再生生物学的主要挑战和应用。