Spatially explicit prioritization of invasive species control is a complex issue, requiring consideration of trade-offs between immediate and future benefits. This study aimed to prioritize management efforts to account for current and future threats from widespread invasions and examine the strength of the trade-off between these different management goals. As a case study, we identified spatially explicit management priorities for the widespread invasion of introduced willow into riparian and wetland habitats across a 102,145-km2 region in eastern Australia. In addition to targeting places where willow threatens biodiversity now, a second set of management goals was to limit reinfestation and further spread that could occur via two different mechanisms (downstream and by wind). A model of likely willow distribution across the region was combined with spatial data for biodiversity (native vegetation, threatened species and communities), ecological conditions, management costs, and two potential dispersal layers. We used systematic conservation planning software (Zonation) to prioritize where willow management should be focussed across more than 100,000 catchments for a range of different scenarios that reflected different weights between management goals. For willow invasion, we found that we could prioritize willow management to reduce the future threat of dispersal downstream with little reduction in the protection of biodiversity. However, accounting for future threats from wind dispersal resulted in a stronger trade-off with protection of threatened biodiversity. The strongest trade-off was observed when both dispersal mechanisms were considered together. This study shows that considering current and future goals together offers the potential to substantially improve conservation outcomes for invasive species management. Our approach also informs land managers about the relative trade-offs among different management goals under different control scenarios, helping to make management decisions more transparent. This approach can be used for other widespread invasive species to help improve invasive species management decisions.

中文翻译：

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广泛入侵物种控制的空间优先顺序：当前影响和未来传播之间的权衡。


入侵物种控制的空间明确优先顺序是一个复杂的问题，需要考虑眼前利益和未来利益之间的权衡。这项研究旨在确定管理工作的优先顺序，以应对当前和未来广泛入侵的威胁，并检查这些不同管理目标之间权衡的强度。作为案例研究，我们针对引进柳树广泛入侵澳大利亚东部 102,145 平方公里区域的河岸和湿地栖息地确定了空间明确的管理优先事项。除了针对目前柳树威胁生物多样性的地方外，第二组管理目标是限制可能通过两种不同机制（下游和风）发生的重新侵扰和进一步传播。该地区可能的柳树分布模型与生物多样性（本地植被、受威胁物种和群落）、生态条件、管理成本和两个潜在扩散层的空间数据相结合。我们使用系统性保护规划软件 (Zonation) 来优先考虑在 100,000 多个流域内的柳树管理重点，以应对一系列不同的情景，这些情景反映了管理目标之间的不同权重。对于柳树入侵，我们发现我们可以优先考虑柳树管理，以减少未来下游扩散的威胁，而对生物多样性的保护几乎没有影响。然而，考虑到风扩散的未来威胁，需要与保护受威胁的生物多样性进行更强有力的权衡。当同时考虑两种分散机制时，观察到最强的权衡。 这项研究表明，综合考虑当前和未来的目标有可能大幅改善入侵物种管理的保护成果。我们的方法还告知土地管理者不同控制场景下不同管理目标之间的相对权衡，有助于使管理决策更加透明。这种方法可用于其他广泛的入侵物种，以帮助改善入侵物种管理决策。