Aggression and violence against educators and school personnel have raised public health concerns that require attention from researchers, policymakers, and training providers in U.S. schools. School aggression and violence have negative effects on school personnel health and retention and on student achievement and development. In partnership with several national organizations, the American Psychological Association (APA) Task Force on Violence Against Educators and School Personnel administered two national, multi-informant, cross-sectional surveys. Time 1 data were collected in 2020-2021 from 14,966 respondents; participants reflected on their experiences of violence and aggression before COVID-19 and during COVID-19 restrictions in this survey. One year later, in 2022, 11,814 respondents completed the Time 2 survey after COVID-19 restrictions ended. Participants included teachers, school psychologists, social workers, counselors, staff members, and administrators from all 50 states and Puerto Rico. Rates of violence and aggression directed against educators by students, parents, colleagues, and administrators were substantial before COVID-19, were lower during COVID-19 restrictions, and returned to prepandemic levels or higher after COVID-19 restrictions. After COVID-19 restrictions, 22%-80% of respondents reported verbal or threatening aggression, and 2%-56% of respondents reported physical violence at least once during the year, varying by stakeholder role and aggressor. Rates of intentions to quit the profession ranged from 21% to 43% during COVID-19 restrictions (2020-2021) and from 23% to 57% after COVID-19 restrictions (2021-2022), varying by stakeholder role. Participants across roles reported substantial rates of anxiety and stress, especially during and after COVID-19 restrictions, and identified specific training needs. Implications for theory, research, training, and policy are presented. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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针对教育工作者和学校工作人员的暴力和攻击、保留、压力和培训需求：全国调查结果。


针对教育工作者和学校工作人员的攻击和暴力行为引发了公共卫生问题，需要美国学校的研究人员、政策制定者和培训机构予以关注。校园攻击和暴力对学校人员的健康和保留以及学生的成绩和发展都有负面影响。美国心理学会 （APA） 暴力侵害教育工作者和学校人员工作组与多个国家组织合作，开展了两项全国性的多线人横断面调查。时间 1 数据是在 2020-2021 年从 14,966 名受访者那里收集的;在这项调查中，参与者反思了他们在 COVID-19 之前和 COVID-19 限制期间的暴力和侵略经历。一年后的 2022 年，在 COVID-19 限制结束后，有 11,814 名受访者完成了 Time 2 调查。参与者包括来自所有 50 个州和波多黎各的教师、学校心理学家、社会工作者、辅导员、工作人员和管理人员。在 COVID-19 之前，学生、家长、同事和管理人员针对教育工作者的暴力和攻击率很高，在 COVID-19 限制期间较低，并在 COVID-19 限制后恢复到大流行前的水平或更高。在 COVID-19 限制之后，22%-80% 的受访者报告了口头或威胁性攻击，2%-56% 的受访者报告了一年中至少一次的身体暴力，具体取决于利益相关者角色和攻击者。在 COVID-19 限制期间（2020-2021 年），退出该行业的意向率在 COVID-19 限制期间（2021-2021 年）从 23% 到 57% 不等，因利益相关者角色而异。 不同角色的参与者报告了相当高的焦虑和压力率，尤其是在 COVID-19 限制期间和之后，并确定了具体的培训需求。介绍了对理论、研究、培训和政策的影响。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 （c） 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。