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Realizing an anolyte utilization rate of 99% in low-cost zinc-based flow batteries by rejuvenating dead zinc
Energy & Environmental Science ( IF 32.4 ) Pub Date : 2024-08-22 , DOI: 10.1039/d4ee01015a
Shengnan Wang 1 , Tianyu Li 2 , Chenguang Yuan 2 , Jiaxiong Zhu 1 , Pei Li 1 , Shaoce Zhang 1 , Zhiquan Wei 1 , Yiqiao Wang 1 , Xianfeng Li 2 , Chunyi Zhi 1
Energy & Environmental Science ( IF 32.4 ) Pub Date : 2024-08-22 , DOI: 10.1039/d4ee01015a
Shengnan Wang 1 , Tianyu Li 2 , Chenguang Yuan 2 , Jiaxiong Zhu 1 , Pei Li 1 , Shaoce Zhang 1 , Zhiquan Wei 1 , Yiqiao Wang 1 , Xianfeng Li 2 , Chunyi Zhi 1
Affiliation
Zinc-based flow batteries (ZFBs) are regarded as promising candidates for large-scale energy storage systems. However, the formation of dead zinc and dendrites, especially at high areal capacities and current densities, makes ZFBs commonly operate at a low anolyte utilization rate (AUR), limiting their applications. In this study, we developed an effective strategy for addressing these problems through Zn–Bi2O3 chemistry. We found that the electrochemical oxidation of dead zinc by Bi2O3 can rapidly restore the lost capacity of the battery. We also discovered that the presence of saturated high-valent bismuth salts in the anolyte can aid in forming functional Bi and ZnBi alloy interfaces, thus hindering the growth of zinc dendrites. Consequently, alkaline zinc–iron flow batteries (AZIFBs) with Bi2O3 can maintain an AUR of 99% even at 160 mA cm−2, which is, to our knowledge, the highest value ever reported for ZFBs at such a high current density. These AZIFBs can also achieve ultrahigh cycling stability for over 800 hours, with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.6% and a high areal capacity of 99.5 mA h cm−2. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into high-energy-density and low-cost ZFBs with a high AUR and promotes their development.
中文翻译:
通过死锌再生实现低成本锌基液流电池阳极液利用率99%
锌基液流电池(ZFB)被认为是大规模储能系统的有希望的候选者。然而,死锌和枝晶的形成,特别是在高面积容量和电流密度下,使得ZFB通常在低阳极电解液利用率(AUR)下运行,限制了其应用。在这项研究中,我们开发了一种通过 Zn-Bi 2 O 3化学来解决这些问题的有效策略。我们发现Bi 2 O 3对死锌的电化学氧化可以快速恢复电池损失的容量。我们还发现,阳极电解液中饱和高价铋盐的存在有助于形成功能性 Bi 和 ZnBi 合金界面,从而阻碍锌枝晶的生长。因此,具有 Bi 2 O 3的碱性锌铁液流电池(AZIFB)即使在 160 mA cm -2下也能保持 99% 的 AUR,据我们所知,这是有史以来报道的 ZFB 在如此高电流下的最高值密度。这些AZIFB还可以实现超过800小时的超高循环稳定性,平均库仑效率为99.6%,面积容量为99.5 mA h cm -2 。总的来说,这项研究为具有高 AUR 的高能量密度和低成本 ZFB 提供了宝贵的见解,并促进了它们的发展。
更新日期:2024-08-22
中文翻译:
通过死锌再生实现低成本锌基液流电池阳极液利用率99%
锌基液流电池(ZFB)被认为是大规模储能系统的有希望的候选者。然而,死锌和枝晶的形成,特别是在高面积容量和电流密度下,使得ZFB通常在低阳极电解液利用率(AUR)下运行,限制了其应用。在这项研究中,我们开发了一种通过 Zn-Bi 2 O 3化学来解决这些问题的有效策略。我们发现Bi 2 O 3对死锌的电化学氧化可以快速恢复电池损失的容量。我们还发现,阳极电解液中饱和高价铋盐的存在有助于形成功能性 Bi 和 ZnBi 合金界面,从而阻碍锌枝晶的生长。因此,具有 Bi 2 O 3的碱性锌铁液流电池(AZIFB)即使在 160 mA cm -2下也能保持 99% 的 AUR,据我们所知,这是有史以来报道的 ZFB 在如此高电流下的最高值密度。这些AZIFB还可以实现超过800小时的超高循环稳定性,平均库仑效率为99.6%,面积容量为99.5 mA h cm -2 。总的来说,这项研究为具有高 AUR 的高能量密度和低成本 ZFB 提供了宝贵的见解,并促进了它们的发展。