Two doses of JYNNEOS vaccine are effective in preventing many mpox cases and can reduce the severity of symptoms in infected persons. However, infections among fully vaccinated persons can occur. During May 2022-May 2024, a total of 271 mpox cases among fully vaccinated persons were reported to CDC from 27 U.S. jurisdictions. These reported infections are estimated to have occurred in <1% of fully vaccinated persons. Compared with cases among unvaccinated persons, infections among fully vaccinated persons were more likely to occur among non-Hispanic White men aged 30-39 years, were associated with increased numbers of sexual partners, and resulted in less severe disease (p<0.001). Among infections in fully vaccinated persons with complete data, infections after vaccination were reported more commonly after receipt of heterologous (subcutaneous and intradermal) (46%) or homologous subcutaneous (32%) JYNNEOS vaccination than after homologous intradermal (22%) vaccination. Disparate time intervals from vaccination to infection among fully vaccinated persons suggest that immunity is not waning. The median interval between the second vaccine dose and illness onset was longer for cases among persons who had received 2 intradermal doses (median = 363 days; IQR = 221-444 days) compared with cases in persons who had received 2 subcutaneous doses (median = 263 days; IQR = 47-334 days) (p<0.001). The implications of this finding are not known; however, these data should increase confidence in the effectiveness of vaccine doses that were administered intradermally, the preferred method of administration during the peak of the outbreak when vaccine supply was limited. Persons recommended to receive the JYNNEOS vaccine should receive 2 doses, irrespective of the route of administration, and at this time, additional doses are not recommended for the affected population.

中文翻译：

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两次暴露前剂量的 JYNNEOS 疫苗后猴痘病毒感染 - 美国，2022 年 5 月至 2024 年 5 月。


两剂 JYNNEOS 疫苗可有效预防许多 MPOX 病例，并可减轻感染者症状的严重程度。然而，完全接种疫苗的人可能会发生感染。 2022 年 5 月至 2024 年 5 月期间，美国 27 个司法管辖区向 CDC 报告了总共 271 例完全疫苗接种者的 MPOX 病例。据估计，这些报告的感染发生在完全接种疫苗的人中<1%。与未接种疫苗的人中的病例相比，完全接种疫苗的人中的感染更有可能发生在 30-39 岁的非西班牙裔白人男性中，与性伴侣数量增加有关，并且导致疾病不太严重（p<0.001）。在具有完整数据的完全接种疫苗者中，接种后感染的报告率在接受异源（皮下和皮内）（46％）或同源皮下（32％）JYNNEOS疫苗接种后比同源皮内（22％）疫苗接种后更常见。完全接种疫苗的人从接种疫苗到感染的时间间隔不同，表明免疫力并未减弱。与接受 2 次皮下注射的病例相比，接受 2 次皮内注射疫苗的病例中，第二次疫苗接种与发病之间的中位间隔较长（中位 = 363 天；IQR = 221-444 天）。 263 天；IQR = 47-334 天）（p<0.001）。这一发现的影响尚不清楚；然而，这些数据应该增加人们对皮内注射疫苗剂量有效性的信心，皮内注射是疫情高峰期疫苗供应有限的首选注射方法。 建议接种 JYNNEOS 疫苗的人员应接种 2 剂，无论给药途径如何，目前不建议受影响人群额外接种剂量。