The 21st century has seen shifts in social and scientific understandings of gender and sexuality in the United States. From the legitimization of same-sex marriage to the heightened visibility of transgender identities, nonbinary gender, and forms of intimate diversity such as asexuality, kink, and polyamory, core cultural and scientific assumptions about gender and sexuality have been challenged. This article situates these changes in the historical context of 21st century social technologies, which challenge traditional sources of authority about information and provide enhanced opportunities for individuals to experience authenticity in gender and sexuality. We frame authenticity as a master cultural narrative in the United States characterized by feeling a heightened sense of self-authorship and alignment between inner experience and embodiment of gender and sexuality. Five narratives now circulate in the United States, four of which support sexual and gender diversity: (a) gender as self-constructed; (b) sexuality as plural, playful, flexible, and fluid; (c) sexuality and monogamy as cultural compulsions; and (d) intersectionality as central to the experience of sexuality and gender. A fifth narrative seeking to legitimize hierarchies (e.g., patriarchy) is hostile to sexual and gender diversity but remains anchored in a metanarrative of authenticity and has benefitted equally from the affordances of social technologies. This historical moment provides researchers and practitioners with the opportunity to more intentionally ground their work in lived experience, challenge normative thinking about sexuality and gender, practice affirmation, center the phenomenon of diversity over discrete identity categories in an ever-exclusionary acronym (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning, and more identities [LGBTQ+]), and embrace fluid and nonlinear narratives of social change. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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21 世纪性和性别多样性的心理学：社会技术和真实性故事。


进入 21 世纪，美国社会和科学对性别和性的理解发生了变化。从同性婚姻的合法化，到跨性别身份、非二元性别以及无性恋、变态和多角​​恋等亲密多样性形式的日益可见，关于性别和性的核心文化和科学假设受到了挑战。本文将这些变化置于 21 世纪社会技术的历史背景下，这些技术挑战了传统的信息权威来源，并为个人体验性别和性的真实性提供了更多的机会。我们将真实性定义为美国的一种主要文化叙事，其特征是感受到高度的自我创作感以及内心体验与性别和性的体现之间的一致性。美国现在流传着五种说法，其中四种支持性和性别多样性：(a) 性别是自我建构的； (b) 性是多元的、有趣的、灵活的和流动的； (c) 性行为和一夫一妻制作为文化强迫； (d) 交叉性是性和性别体验的核心。第五种寻求使等级制度（例如父权制）合法化的叙述对性和性别多样性怀有敌意，但仍然扎根于真实性的元叙述，并且同样受益于社会技术的可供性。 这一历史时刻为研究人员和从业者提供了机会，使他们的工作更有意识地扎根于生活经验，挑战有关性和性别的规范性思维，实践肯定，将多样性现象集中在一个永远排他性的首字母缩略词（女同性恋、男同性恋）中。 、双性恋、跨性别者、酷儿/质疑和更多身份[LGBTQ+]），并拥抱社会变革的流动和非线性叙事。 （PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。