The 21st century has seen shifts in social and scientific understandings of gender and sexuality in the United States. From the legitimization of same-sex marriage to the heightened visibility of transgender identities, nonbinary gender, and forms of intimate diversity such as asexuality, kink, and polyamory, core cultural and scientific assumptions about gender and sexuality have been challenged. This article situates these changes in the historical context of 21st century social technologies, which challenge traditional sources of authority about information and provide enhanced opportunities for individuals to experience authenticity in gender and sexuality. We frame authenticity as a master cultural narrative in the United States characterized by feeling a heightened sense of self-authorship and alignment between inner experience and embodiment of gender and sexuality. Five narratives now circulate in the United States, four of which support sexual and gender diversity: (a) gender as self-constructed; (b) sexuality as plural, playful, flexible, and fluid; (c) sexuality and monogamy as cultural compulsions; and (d) intersectionality as central to the experience of sexuality and gender. A fifth narrative seeking to legitimize hierarchies (e.g., patriarchy) is hostile to sexual and gender diversity but remains anchored in a metanarrative of authenticity and has benefitted equally from the affordances of social technologies. This historical moment provides researchers and practitioners with the opportunity to more intentionally ground their work in lived experience, challenge normative thinking about sexuality and gender, practice affirmation, center the phenomenon of diversity over discrete identity categories in an ever-exclusionary acronym (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning, and more identities [LGBTQ+]), and embrace fluid and nonlinear narratives of social change. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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21 世纪性和性别多样性心理学：社会技术和真实性的故事。


21 世纪，美国社会和科学对性别和性行为的理解发生了变化。从同性婚姻的合法化到跨性别身份、非二元性别以及无性恋、扭结和多角恋等亲密多样性形式的高度关注，关于性别和性行为的核心文化和科学假设受到了挑战。本文将这些变化置于 21 世纪社会技术的历史背景中，这些技术挑战了传统的信息权威来源，并为个人提供了更多的机会来体验性别和性行为的真实性。我们将真实性构建为美国的主要文化叙事，其特征是感受到高度的自我创作意识以及内心体验与性别和性行为的体现之间的一致性。现在在美国流传着五种叙事，其中四种支持性和性别多样性：（a） 自我构建的性别;（b） 性是复数的、俏皮的、灵活的和流动的;（c） 作为文化强迫的性和一夫一妻制;（d） 交叉性作为性和性别体验的核心。第五种叙事寻求使等级制度合法化（例如父权制）对性和性别多样性持敌意，但仍然锚定在真实性的元叙事中，并同样受益于社会技术的可用性。 这一历史时刻为研究人员和从业者提供了机会，让他们更有意识地将他们的工作建立在生活经验的基础上，挑战关于性和性别的规范性思维，实践肯定，将多样性现象置于一个永远排斥性的首字母缩略词（女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋、跨性别者、酷儿/质疑和更多身份 [LGBTQ+]）中，并接受社会变革的流动和非线性叙述。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 （c） 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。