Heavy Metal-Based Toxic Oxo-Pollutants Sequestration by Advanced Functional Porous Materials for Safe Drinking Water,Accounts of Chemical Research

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Heavy Metal-Based Toxic Oxo-Pollutants Sequestration by Advanced Functional Porous Materials for Safe Drinking Water
Accounts of Chemical Research ( IF 16.4 ) Pub Date : 2024-08-20 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.4c00348
Subhajit Dutta ₁ , Sahel Fajal ₁ , Sujit K Ghosh ₁

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Water scarcity as a consequence of either environmental or economic actions is the most compelling global concern of the 21st century, as ∼2 billion people (26% of the total population) struggle to access safe drinking water and ∼3.6 billion (46% of the total population) lack access to clean water sanitation. In this context, groundwater pollution by toxic heavy metals and/or their oxo-pollutants, such as CrO₄^2–, Cr₂O₇^2–, AsO₄^3–, SeO₃^2–, SeO₄^2–, TcO₄^–, UO₂²⁺, etc., have been becoming rapidly growing global concerns. The severe toxicity upon bioaccumulation of these oxo-anions has prompted the US Environment Protection Agency (EPA) to mark these persistent and hazardous substances as priority pollutants. Additionally, the heavy-metal-based pollutants are difficult to transform into eco-friendly substances, thus presenting serious challenges toward human health and environmental preservation. To this end, the emergence of advanced functional porous materials (AFPMs), including metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), metal–organic polyhedrons (MOPs), porous organic polymers (POPs), etc., have presented extraordinary opportunities in material research and water treatment applications. The liberty in designing and structural tunability of AFPMs, facilitated by utilization of structure-encoded molecular building blocks, enables precise control over target-specificity and structure–property correlations. Bridging the gap between strategic material design and on-demand real-world application can facilitate the development of next-generation sorbents/ion-exchangers for efficient water treatment.

中文翻译：

通过先进的功能性多孔材料封存重金属有毒氧化污染物以获得安全饮用水

环境或经济行动导致的水资源短缺是 21 世纪最引人注目的全球问题，因为约 20 亿人（占总人口的 26%）难以获得安全饮用水，约 36 亿人（占总人口的 46%）难以获得安全饮用水。总人口）缺乏清洁水和卫生设施。在这种情况下，有毒重金属和/或其含氧污染物（例如 CrO ₄ ^2– 、Cr ₂ O ₇ ^2– 、AsO ₄ ^3– 、SeO ₃ ^2– 、SeO ₄ ^2– 、TcO ₄ ^{– ）}造成的地下水污染、UO ₂ ²⁺等已成为全球日益关注的问题。这些含氧阴离子生物富集后的严重毒性促使美国环境保护署 (EPA) 将这些持久性有害物质标记为优先污染物。此外，重金属污染物难以转化为环境友好物质，对人类健康和环境保护提出了严峻挑战。为此，先进功能多孔材料（AFPM）的出现，包括金属有机骨架（MOF）、共价有机骨架（COF）、金属有机多面体（MOP）、多孔有机聚合物（POP）等。为材料研究和水处理应用提供了非凡的机遇。通过利用结构编码的分子构建模块，AFPM 的设计自由度和结构可调性能够实现对目标特异性和结构-性质相关性的精确控制。弥合战略材料设计和按需实际应用之间的差距可以促进下一代吸附剂/离子交换剂的开发，以实现高效水处理。

更新日期：2024-08-20

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