Conservation, restoration and land management are increasingly implemented at landscape scales^1,2. However, because species interaction data are typically habitat- and/or guild-specific, exactly how those interactions connect habitats and affect the stability and function of communities at landscape scales remains poorly understood. We combine multi-guild species interaction data (plant–pollinator and three plant–herbivore–parasitoid communities, collected from landscapes with one, two or three habitats), a field experiment and a modelling approach to show that multi-habitat landscapes support higher species and interaction evenness, more complementary species interactions and more consistent robustness to species loss. These emergent network properties drive improved pollination success in landscapes with more habitats and are not explained by simply summing component habitat webs. Linking landscape composition, through community structure, to ecosystem function, highlights mechanisms by which several contiguous habitats can support landscape-scale ecosystem services.

保护、恢复和土地管理越来越多地在景观尺度上实施^1,2 。然而，由于物种相互作用数据通常是针对特定栖息地和/或行会的，因此这些相互作用如何在景观尺度上连接栖息地并影响群落的稳定性和功能仍然知之甚少。我们结合了多行会物种相互作用数据（从具有一个、两个或三个栖息地的景观中收集的植物-传粉者和三个植物-食草动物-寄生生物群落）、田间实验和建模方法，以表明多栖息地景观支持高等物种和相互作用均匀性、更互补的物种相互作用以及对物种损失更一致的鲁棒性。这些新兴的网络特性推动了具有更多栖息地的景观中授粉成功率的提高，并且不能通过简单地总结组成栖息地网络来解释。通过群落结构将景观组成与生态系统功能联系起来，突出了几个连续栖息地支持景观规模生态系统服务的机制。