BACKGROUND Endocrine-disrupting chemicals may play a role in adiposity development during childhood. Until now literature in this scope suffers from methodologic limitations in exposure assessment using one or few urine samples and missing assessment during the infancy period. OBJECTIVES We investigated the associations between early-life exposure to quickly metabolized chemicals and post-natal growth, relying on repeated within-subject urine collections over pregnancy and infancy. METHODS We studied the associations of four phenols, four parabens, seven phthalates, and one nonphthalate plasticizer from weekly pooled urine samples collected from the mother during second and third trimesters (median 18 and 34 gestational weeks, respectively) and infant at 2 and 12 months of age, and child growth until 36 months. We relied on repeated measures of height, weight and head circumference from study visits and the child health booklet to predict growth outcomes at 3 and 36 months using the Jenss-Bayley nonlinear mixed model. We assessed associations with individual chemicals using adjusted linear regression and mixtures of chemicals using a Bayesian kernel machine regression model. RESULTS The unipollutant analysis revealed few associations. Bisphenol S (BPS) at second trimester was positively associated with all infant growth parameters at 3 and 36 months, with similar patterns between exposure at third trimester and all infant growth parameters at 3 months. Mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) at 12 months was positively associated with body mass index (BMI), weight, and head circumference at 36 months. Mixture analysis revealed positive associations between exposure at 12 months and BMI and weight at 36 months, with MnBP showing the highest effect size within the mixture. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that exposure in early infancy may be associated with increased weight and BMI in early childhood, which are risk factors of obesity in later life. Furthermore, this study highlighted the impact of BPS, a compound replacing bisphenol A, which has never been studied in this context. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP13644.

中文翻译：

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在纵向 SEPAGES 队列中，胎儿和婴儿期接触苯酚、对羟基苯甲酸酯和邻苯二甲酸盐的情况以及长达 36 个月的人体测量。


背景技术内分泌干扰化学物质可能在儿童时期的肥胖发展中发挥作用。到目前为止，这一领域的文献在使用一份或少量尿液样本进行暴露评估时还存在方法学上的局限性，并且缺少婴儿期的评估。目的 我们依靠在怀孕和婴儿期重复进行受试者体内尿液收集，研究了生命早期接触快速代谢化学物质与产后生长之间的关联。方法 我们从妊娠中期和晚期（中位孕周分别为 18 和 34 周）的母亲以及 2 个月和 12 个月的婴儿每周收集的尿液样本中研究了四种酚类、四种对羟基苯甲酸酯、七种邻苯二甲酸酯和一种非邻苯二甲酸酯增塑剂的关联性。年龄和儿童生长直至 36 个月。我们依靠研究访问和儿童健康手册中对身高、体重和头围的重复测量，使用 Jenss-Bayley 非线性混合模型预测 3 个月和 36 个月时的生长结果。我们使用调整后的线性回归评估与单个化学品的关联性，并使用贝叶斯核机器回归模型评估化学品混合物的关联性。结果 单污染物分析显示几乎没有关联。妊娠中期的双酚 S (BPS) 与 3 个月和 36 个月时的所有婴儿生长参数呈正相关，妊娠晚期的暴露与 3 个月时的所有婴儿生长参数之间具有相似的模式。 12 个月时的邻苯二甲酸单正丁酯 (MnBP) 与 36 个月时的体重指数 (BMI)、体重和头围呈正相关。混合物分析显示，12 个月时的暴露量与 36 个月时的 BMI 和体重之间呈正相关，其中 MnBP 在混合物中显示出最高的效应量。 结论 这项研究表明，婴儿早期的暴露可能与儿童早期体重和体重指数的增加有关，而这些是以后生活中肥胖的危险因素。此外，这项研究还强调了 BPS（一种替代双酚 A 的化合物）的影响，而 BPS 从未在这方面进行过研究。 https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP13644。