Refugees and asylum seekers who identify as sexual minorities and/or who have been persecuted for same-sex acts maneuver through multiple oppressive systems at all stages of migration. Sexual minority refugees and asylum seekers (SM RAS) report experiencing a greater number of persecutory experiences and worse mental health symptoms than refugees and asylum seekers persecuted for reasons other than their sexual orientation (non-SM RAS). SM RAS are growing in numbers, report a need and desire for mental health treatment, and are often referred to therapy during the asylum process. However, little research has been conducted on the treatment needs of SM RAS in therapy or the strategies therapists use to address these needs. This study sought to identify these factors through qualitative interviews with providers at a specialty refugee mental health clinic (N = 11), who had experience treating both SM RAS and non-SM RAS. Interviews were transcribed and coded for themes of similarities and differences between SM RAS and non-SM RAS observed during treatment and factors that could be leveraged to reduce mental health disparities between SM RAS and non-SM RAS. Clinicians reported that compared to the non-SM RAS, SM RAS reported greater childhood trauma exposure, increased isolation, decreased support, identity-related shame, difficulty trusting others, and continued discrimination due to their SM identitiy. Suggested adaptations included reducing isolation, preparing for ongoing identity-based challenges, creating safe spaces to express SM identity, and a slower treatment pace. Providers reported benefits and drawbacks to centering the client's SM identity in treatment and encouraging community involvement for SM RAS, and noted additional training in cultural awareness would be beneficial. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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性少数难民和寻求庇护者的心理健康差异：提供者对创伤暴露、症状表现和治疗方法的看法。


被认为是性少数群体和/或因同性行为而受到迫害的难民和寻求庇护者在移民的各个阶段都经历着多重压迫制度。性少数难民和寻求庇护者（SM RAS）报告称，与因性取向以外的原因受到迫害的难民和寻求庇护者（非 SM RAS）相比，他们经历了更多的迫害经历和更严重的心理健康症状。 SM RAS 的数量不断增长，报告了对心理健康治疗的需求和愿望，并且经常在庇护过程中被转介接受治疗。然而，关于 SM RAS 治疗中的治疗需求或治疗师用于满足这些需求的策略的研究很少。本研究试图通过对专业难民心理健康诊所 (N = 11) 的提供者进行定性访谈来确定这些因素，这些诊所有治疗 SM RAS 和非 SM RAS 的经验。访谈内容被转录和编码，主题是治疗期间观察到的 SM RAS 和非 SM RAS 之间的相似点和差异，以及可用于减少 SM RAS 和非 SM RAS 之间心理健康差异的因素。临床医生报告说，与非 SM RAS 相比，SM RAS 报告称，童年时期遭受的创伤更大、孤立性更强、支持减少、与身份相关的羞耻感、难以信任他人以及由于 SM 身份而持续受到歧视。建议的调整包括减少隔离、为持续的基于身份的挑战做好准备、创造安全的空间来表达 SM 身份，以及放慢治疗速度。 提供者报告了以客户的 SM 身份为中心进行治疗和鼓励社区参与 SM RAS 的优点和缺点，并指出额外的文化意识培训将是有益的。 （PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。