Suicide is a major public and mental health problem in the United States and around the world. According to recent survey research, there were 16,600,000 American adults and adolescents in 2022 who reported having serious thoughts of suicide (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2023), which underscores a profound need for effective clinical care for people who are suicidal. Yet there is evidence that clinical providers may avoid patients who are suicidal (out of fear and perceived concerns about malpractice liability) and that too many rely on interventions (i.e., inpatient hospitalization and medications) that have little to no evidence for decreasing suicidal ideation and behavior (and may even increase risk). Fortunately, there is an emerging and robust evidence-based clinical literature on suicide-related assessment, acute clinical stabilization, and the actual treatment of suicide risk through psychological interventions supported by replicated randomized controlled trials. Considering the pervasiveness of suicidality, the life versus death implications, and the availability of proven approaches, it is argued that providers should embrace evidence-based practices for suicidal risk as their best possible risk management strategy. Such an embrace is entirely consistent with expert recommendations as well as professional and ethical standards. Finally, a call to action is made with a series of specific recommendations to help psychologists (and other disciplines) use evidence-based, suicide-specific, approaches to help decrease suicide-related suffering and deaths. It is argued that doing so has now become both an ethical and professional imperative. Given the challenge of this issue, it is also simply the right thing to do. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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对自杀的循证护理是道德和专业的当务之急：如何减少自杀痛苦并拯救生命。


自杀是美国和世界各地的一个主要公共和心理健康问题。根据最近的调查研究，2022 年有 16,600,000 名美国成年人和青少年报告有严重的自杀念头（药物滥用和心理健康服务管理局，2023），这凸显了对有自杀倾向的人进行有效临床护理的迫切需要。然而，有证据表明，临床提供者可能会避开有自杀倾向的患者（出于恐惧和对医疗事故责任的担忧），而且太多人依赖的干预措施（即住院治疗和药物治疗）几乎没有证据表明可以减少自杀意念，行为（甚至可能增加风险）。幸运的是，有大量新兴的循证临床文献涉及自杀相关评估、急性临床稳定以及通过重复随机对照试验支持的心理干预对自杀风险进行实际治疗。考虑到自杀的普遍性、生与死的影响以及经过验证的方法的可用性，有人认为，提供者应该将基于证据的自杀风险实践作为其最佳的风险管理策略。这种拥抱完全符合专家的建议以及专业和道德标准。最后，呼吁采取一系列具体建议，帮助心理学家（和其他学科）使用基于证据的、针对自杀的方法来帮助减少与自杀相关的痛苦和死亡。有人认为，这样做现在已成为道德和职业上的当务之急。鉴于这个问题的挑战，这也是正确的做法。 （PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。