The anticoagulant pentasaccharide fondaparinux was synthesized using an improved and optimized synthetic strategy including a convergent [3+2] coupling approach, orthogonal protecting groups and various glycosyl donors. The new methods of glycosylation were also used for controlling the stereochemical configuration and improving the yield of the glycosylation. In addition, HPLC and NMR methods to monitor the process of total synthesis of fondaparinux were employed. This work provides a comprehensive elaboration for the synthesis and analysis of fondaparinux based on related literature, as well as abundant information for the synthesis of heparin‐like oligosaccharides.

中文翻译：

---

抗凝血五糖磺达肝素的全合成

抗凝五糖磺达肝素是使用改进和优化的合成策略合成的，包括收敛的[3 + 2]偶联方法，正交保护基和各种糖基供体。糖基化的新方法也用于控制立体化学构型和提高糖基化的产率。另外，采用HPLC和NMR方法监测磺达肝素的全合成过程。这项工作在相关文献的基础上为磺达肝素的合成和分析提供了详尽的阐述，并为肝素样低聚糖的合成提供了丰富的信息。