Evidence has demonstrated that athletes exhibit superior cognitive performance associated with executive control. In the oculomotor system, this function has been examined using the interleaved pro‐saccade and anti‐saccade task (IPAST), wherein participants, prior to target appearance, are instructed to either automatically look at the peripheral target (pro‐saccade) or suppress the automatic response and voluntarily look in the opposite direction (anti‐saccade). While the IPAST has provided much insight into sensorimotor and inhibitory processing, it has yet to be performed in athletes. Moreover, limited research has examined saccade metrics in athletes. Here, we examined saccade latency and movement kinematics in the IPAST among athletes (N = 40) and nonathletes (NON) (N = 40). Higher direction error rates were obtained in the anti‐saccade compared to the pro‐saccade condition, with no differences between athletes and NON noted. Significantly faster saccade latencies were observed in athletes compared to NON in both conditions, in addition to faster pro‐saccades compared to anti‐saccades. Furthermore, athletes showed significantly higher frequencies and faster latencies of express saccades compared to NON in correct pro‐saccades. Additionally, athletes exhibited significantly faster latencies of express saccades compared to NON in erroneous anti‐saccades. Differences in saccade metrics between athletes and NON were not seen. Overall, these findings demonstrate that athletes display altered saccade performance likely associated with sensorimotor and preparatory processing, highlighting the potential of using IPAST to objectively investigate sensorimotor and cognitive functions in athletes.

中文翻译：

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开放技能运动运动员交错的支持和反扫视任务中的扫视延迟和指标


有证据表明，运动员表现出与执行控制相关的卓越认知表现。在动眼神经系统中，该功能已使用交错的前眼跳和反眼跳任务（IPAST）进行了检查，其中参与者在目标出现之前被指示自动查看外围目标（前眼跳）或抑制自动反应并自愿朝相反方向看（反扫视）。虽然 IPAST 对感觉运动和抑制处理提供了很多见解，但尚未在运动员中进行。此外，对运动员眼跳指标的研究也很有限。在这里，我们检查了运动员 IPAST 中的眼跳潜伏期和运动运动学（氮= 40) 和非运动员 (NON) (氮= 40）。与支持眼跳条件相比，在抗眼跳条件下获得了更高的方向错误率，并且运动员和非眼跳之间没有差异。在这两种情况下，与非运动员相比，运动员的眼跳延迟明显更快，此外，与反眼跳相比，运动员的前眼跳也更快。此外，与正确的亲眼跳中的非非眼跳相比，运动员表现出明显更高的频率和更快的延迟。此外，与错误反扫视中的非快速扫视相比，运动员表现出明显更快的快速扫视延迟。没有发现运动员和非运动员之间的眼跳指标存在差异。总体而言，这些研究结果表明，运动员表现出的眼跳表现改变可能与感觉运动和准备处理相关，凸显了使用 IPAST 客观研究运动员感觉运动和认知功能的潜力。