Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is characterized by a cyclical symptom course. Previous research provides limited findings on possible menstrual-cycle-related psychological and psychoendocrinological processes in PMDD. By using ambulatory assessment (AA), we aimed to compare mood and cortisol cyclicity in individuals with PMDD and healthy controls (HC), and to assess effects of habitual and momentary repetitive negative thinking (RNT) and present moment awareness (PMA) on mood and cortisol across the cycle in both groups. Individuals with PMDD and HC (n = 60 each) completed baseline questionnaires on habitual RNT and PMA. Momentary rumination and PMA, positive and negative affect (NA), and saliva-cortisol were assessed over four consecutive days during both the follicular and the late-luteal phase. Individuals with PMDD showed mood cyclicity indicating mood worsening while HC showed cortisol cyclicity indicating decreasing cortisol levels toward the late-luteal phase. In individuals with PMDD, lower habitual RNT and higher habitual PMA predicted better mood only during the follicular phase whereas lower momentary rumination and higher momentary PMA predicted better mood during the late-luteal phase. No effects on cortisol activity were found. In HC, higher habitual PMA predicted lower NA during the late-luteal phase whereas lower momentary rumination and higher momentary PMA predicted stronger cortisol reduction toward the late-luteal phase. While favorable habitual cognitions might not protect individuals with PMDD against premenstrual mood deterioration, respective momentary cognitions may reflect possible protective factors, suggesting an opportunity for microinterventions to directly target late-luteal-phase-specific state processes in affected individuals. The lack of cortisol cyclicity might represent an endocrinological marker for PMDD. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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状态和特质认知对患有和不患有经前焦虑症的个体的情绪和皮质醇的周期性有不同的影响。


经前烦躁障碍 (PMDD) 的特点是周期性症状过程。先前的研究对经前抑郁症可能与月经周期相关的心理和心理内分泌过程提供了有限的发现。通过使用动态评估（AA），我们的目的是比较经前抑郁症患者和健康对照者（HC）的情绪和皮质醇周期性，并评估习惯性和瞬时重复消极思维（RNT）和当下意识（PMA）对情绪的影响两组中整个周期的皮质醇。患有 PMDD 和 HC 的个体（n = 60）完成了关于习惯性 RNT 和 PMA 的基线调查问卷。在卵泡期和黄体后期连续四天评估瞬时反刍和 PMA、积极和消极情绪 (NA) 以及唾液皮质醇。患有经前抑郁症 (PMDD) 的个体表现出情绪周期性，表明情绪恶化，而 HC 表现出皮质醇周期性，表明皮质醇水平在黄体后期下降。在患有 PMDD 的个体中，较低的习惯性 RNT 和较高的习惯性 PMA 仅在卵泡期预测更好的情绪，而较低的瞬时反刍和较高的瞬时 PMA 则预测黄体后期的更好情绪。没有发现对皮质醇活性的影响。在 HC 中，较高的习惯性 PMA 预示着黄体后期的 NA 较低，而较低的瞬时反刍和较高的瞬时 PMA 则预示着黄体后期皮质醇的减少更强。虽然有利的习惯性认知可能无法保护经前抑郁症患者免受经前情绪恶化，但各自的瞬时认知可能反映了可能的保护因素，这表明微干预有机会直接针对受影响个体的黄体后期特定状态过程。 缺乏皮质醇周期性可能是经前抑郁症的内分泌标志物。 （PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。