Microbial cell surface display technology, which relies on genetically fusing heterologous target proteins to the cell wall through fusion with cell wall anchor proteins, has emerged as a promising and powerful method with diverse applications in biotechnology and biomedicine. Compared to classical intracellular or extracellular expression (secretion) systems, the cell surface display strategy stands out by eliminating the necessity for enzyme purification, overcoming substrate transport limitations, and demonstrating enhanced activity, stability, and selectivity. Unlike phage or bacterial surface display, the yeast surface display (YSD) system offers distinct advantages, including its large cell size, ease of culture and genetic manipulation, the use of generally regarded as safe (GRAS) host cell, the ability to ensure correct folding of complex eukaryotic proteins, and the potential for post-translational modifications. To date, YSD systems have found widespread applications in protein engineering, waste biorefineries, bioremediation, and the production of biocatalysts and biosensors. This review focuses on detailing various strategies and mechanisms for constructing YSD systems, providing a comprehensive overview of both fundamental principles and practical applications. Finally, the review outlines future perspectives for developing novel forms of YSD systems and explores potential applications in diverse fields.

中文翻译：

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酵母表面展示技术：机制、应用和前景


微生物细胞表面展示技术依赖于通过与细胞壁锚定蛋白融合将异源靶蛋白基因融合到细胞壁上，已成为一种有前途且强大的方法，在生物技术和生物医学领域具有多种应用。与经典的细胞内或细胞外表达（分泌）系统相比，细胞表面展示策略通过消除酶纯化的必要性、克服底物运输限制并表现出增强的活性、稳定性和选择性而脱颖而出。与噬菌体或细菌表面展示不同，酵母表面展示（YSD）系统具有明显的优势，包括其细胞尺寸大、易于培养和遗传操作、使用通常被认为是安全的（GRAS）宿主细胞、能够确保正确的复杂真核蛋白质的折叠，以及翻译后修饰的潜力。迄今为止，YSD 系统已在蛋白质工程、废物生物精炼、生物修复以及生物催化剂和生物传感器的生产中得到广泛应用。本综述重点详细介绍构建 YSD 系统的各种策略和机制，全面概述基本原理和实际应用。最后，该综述概述了开发新型 YSD 系统的未来前景，并探讨了在不同领域的潜在应用。