Forests worldwide are experiencing increasingly intense biotic disturbances; however, assessing impacts of these disturbances is challenging due to the diverse range of organisms involved and the complex interactions among them. This particularly applies to invasive species, which can greatly alter ecological processes in their invaded territories. Here we focus on the pine wood nematode (PWN, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus), an invasive pathogen that has caused extensive mortality of pines in East Asia and more recently has invaded southern Europe. It is expected to expand its range into continental Europe with heavy impacts possible.

中文翻译：

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在信息不确定性下评估入侵生物对森林的影响：欧洲大陆松木线虫的案例


世界各地的森林正在经历越来越严重的生物干扰;然而，由于涉及的生物种类繁多，并且它们之间的相互作用复杂，因此评估这些干扰的影响具有挑战性。这尤其适用于入侵物种，它们可以极大地改变其入侵领土的生态过程。在这里，我们关注松木线虫（PWN，Bursaphelenchus xylophilus），这是一种入侵性病原体，在东亚导致松树大量死亡，最近又入侵了南欧。预计它会将其范围扩大到欧洲大陆，并可能产生严重影响。