Effectively treating phenolic substances is a crucial task in environmental protection. This study aims to determine whether bacterial-algae biofilm reactors offer superior treatment efficacy compared to traditional activated sludge and biofilm reactors. The average degradation ratios of 2,4-dimethylphenol (40, 70, 150, 300, and 230 mg/L) were found to be 98 %, 99 %, 92.1 %, 84.7 %, and 63.7 % respectively. The bacterial-algae biofilm demonstrates a higher tolerance to toxicity, assimilation ability, and efficacy recovery ability. The cell membrane of in the bacteria-algae biofilm is not easily compromised, thus ensuring a stable pH environment. High concentrations of tightly bound extracellular polymers (TB-EPS) enhance the efficacy in treating toxic pollutants, promote the stable structure. Intact , bacilli, and EPS were observed in bacterial-algal biofilm. The structural integrity of bacteria-algae consistently enhances its resistance to the inhibitory effects of high concentrations of phenolic compounds. , , and were the main functional bacterial genera that facilitate the formation of bacterial-algal biofilms and the degradation of phenolic compounds. The dominant microalgal families include , , and have certain treatment effects on phenolic substances. and have the ability to convert NH-N. The is also capable of generating synergistic effects with , , and , thereby establishing a stable bacterial-algal biofilm system.

中文翻译：

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哪种生物膜反应器适合降解 2,4-二甲基苯酚，主要针对细菌、藻类或细菌-藻类组合？


有效处理酚类物质是环境保护的一项重要任务。本研究旨在确定与传统活性污泥和生物膜反应器相比，菌藻生物膜反应器是否具有更优越的处理效果。 2,4-二甲基苯酚（40、70、150、300 和 230 mg/L）的平均降解率分别为 98%、99%、92.1%、84.7% 和 63.7%。菌藻生物膜表现出较高的毒性耐受性、同化能力和药效恢复能力。菌藻生物膜中的细胞膜不易受损，从而保证了稳定的pH环境。高浓度的紧密结合的胞外聚合物（TB-EPS）增强了处理有毒污染物的功效，促进了结构的稳定。在细菌-藻类生物膜中观察到完整的细菌、杆菌和 EPS。细菌-藻类的结构完整性不断增强其对高浓度酚类化合物抑制作用的抵抗力。 、 、 和 是促进细菌-藻类生物膜形成和酚类化合物降解的主要功能细菌属。优势微藻家族包括 、 、 ，对酚类物质有一定的处理效果。并具有转化NH-N的能力。它还能够与 、 、 和 产生协同效应，从而建立稳定的细菌-藻类生物膜系统。