Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) carried by gut pathogens may pose a threat to the host and ecological environment. However, few studies focus on the effects of cold stress on intestinal bacteria and ARGs in plateau animals. Here, we used 16S rRNA gene sequencing and gene chip technique to explore the difference of gut microbes and ARGs in plateau pika under 4 °C and 25 °C. The results showed that tetracycline and aminoglycoside resistance genes were the dominant ARGs in pika intestine. Seven kinds of high-risk ARGs () existed in pika’s intestine, and cold had no significant effect on the composition and structure of pika’s intestinal ARGs. The dominant phyla in pika intestine were Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. Cold influenced 0.47 % of pika intestinal bacteria in OTU level, while most other bacteria had no significant change. The diversity and community assembly of intestinal bacteria in pika remained relatively stable under cold conditions, while low temperature decreased gut microbial network complexity. In addition, low temperature led to the enrichment of glycine biosynthesis and metabolism-related pathways. Moreover, the correlation analysis showed that eight opportunistic pathogens (such as , , , etc.) detected in pika intestine might be potential hosts of ARGs.

中文翻译：

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高原模型动物（Ochotona curzoniae）的肠道微生物组和抗生素抗性基因在冷应激下表现出相对稳定性


肠道病原体携带的抗生素抗性基因（ARG）可能对宿主和生态环境构成威胁。然而，很少有研究关注冷应激对高原动物肠道细菌和ARGs的影响。本研究采用16S rRNA基因测序和基因芯片技术，探讨了高原鼠兔在4℃和25℃下肠道微生物和ARGs的差异。结果表明，四环素和氨基糖苷类耐药基因是鼠兔肠道中的优势ARG。鼠兔肠道内存在7种高危ARGs，寒冷对鼠兔肠道ARGs的组成和结构没有显着影响。鼠兔肠道的优势门是拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门。寒冷影响了鼠兔肠道细菌0.47%的OTU水平，而大多数其他细菌没有显着变化。鼠兔肠道细菌的多样性和群落组装在寒冷条件下保持相对稳定，而低温降低了肠道微生物网络的复杂性。此外，低温导致甘氨酸生物合成和代谢相关途径的富集。此外，相关性分析表明鼠兔肠道中检测到的8种机会致病菌（如 、 、 等）可能是ARGs的潜在宿主。