Coastal wetlands, being a multifaceted and crucial global ecosystem, are facing significant impacts from diverse environmental alterations, particularly soil salinization. Concurrently, the escalation of extreme climate events, such as global warming, presents complex challenges for the protection and restoration efforts. Previous researches concerning microbial communities in the context of climate with continous line numbering change have predominantly concentrated on their structural aspects, with limited attention given to establishing relationships between community structure and functional attributes. In this study, a two-year investigation was conducted on conventional coastal wetland ecosystems, considering variations in salinity and seasonal temperature. Utilizing high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing, isotope technology, and other methods to explore the bacterial community, nitrogen cycling functional groups, and nitrogen reduction process. This research aims to assess the holistic impacts of significant global environmental changes on microbial communities. The results suggest that salinity, acting as an environmental filter, has a significant impact on the microbial community composition. It leads to a decrease in species abundance, an increase in deterministic processes and the nesting of community succession, while also reducing the stability of microbial ecological networks. The mechanism by which soil salinity impacts bacterial communities involves three main aspects: direct effects, positive climate regulation, and negative regulation of soil properties. Surprisingly, soil salinity exerts a mild inhibitory influence on microbial functional genes and metabolic activity. The primary factors involved in the nitrogen reduction process include electron donors/acceptors, types of nitrogen sources, and organic carbon. The three processes are interconnected due to the impact of environmental factors and signal transmission among microbial populations. This study offers a novel scientific framework for the rehabilitation and enhancement of saline-alkali coastal ecosystems in the face of impending global changes. It achieves this by investigating the varied response patterns exhibited by microbial communities and ecological functional metabolism under salinity-induced stress.

中文翻译：

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沿海湿地盐度驱动的土壤群落结构、功能组成和氮代谢活动的解耦


沿海湿地是一个多方面且至关重要的全球生态系统，正面临着各种环境变化，特别是土壤盐碱化的重大影响。与此同时，全球变暖等极端气候事件的升级给保护和恢复工作带来了复杂的挑战。先前关于连续线编号变化的气候背景下微生物群落的研究主要集中在其结构方面，而对建立群落结构和功能属性之间的关系关注有限。在这项研究中，考虑到盐度和季节温度的变化，对传统沿海湿地生态系统进行了为期两年的调查。利用高通量16S rRNA测序、同位素技术等方法探索细菌群落、氮循环功能群和氮还原过程。这项研究旨在评估全球环境重大变化对微生物群落的整体影响。结果表明，盐度作为环境过滤器，对微生物群落的组成具有重大影响。它导致物种丰度减少、确定性过程增加和群落演替筑巢，同时还降低微生物生态网络的稳定性。土壤盐分影响细菌群落的机制主要涉及三个方面：直接影响、气候正向调节和土壤性质负向调节。令人惊讶的是，土壤盐分对微生物功能基因和代谢活动产生轻微的抑制影响。 氮还原过程涉及的主要因素包括电子供体/受体、氮源类型和有机碳。由于环境因素和微生物种群之间信号传输的影响，这三个过程是相互关联的。这项研究为面对即将发生的全球变化而恢复和增强盐碱沿海生态系统提供了一个新颖的科学框架。它通过研究微生物群落和生态功能代谢在盐度诱导的胁迫下表现出的不同反应模式来实现这一目标。