IntroductionThe state of solitude may be desirable and beneficial particularly for individuals who are highly sensitive and introverted.MethodsTo test these predictions, we surveyed a nationally representative US sample of 301 adults and a sample of 99 undergraduates on their levels of sensory processing sensitivity and assessed introversion with the Big Five Inventory and the multifaceted STAR Introversion Scale. Participants then reported the frequency and duration of their volitional solitude, stress levels, and subjective well‐being across 10 consecutive days.ResultsResults revealed that Social Introversion and sensitivity significantly predicted higher motivations for solitude, both self‐determined and not. Thinking Introversion also predicted higher self‐determined solitude, but BFI introversion showed no relationship with either motivation. Social Introversion and sensitivity predicted higher frequency of solitude in daily life and longer duration of solitary episodes; BFI Introversion and Restrained Introversion showed the opposite pattern for both outcomes. Finally, stress was positively associated with daily solitude frequency, and in turn, solitude frequency was negatively associated with same‐day well‐being; there were no interaction effects with personality traits.DiscussionThese findings suggest that introversion, as measured by the STAR Introversion Scale, and sensitivity contribute significantly to solitary motivation; however, solitude appears to be sought after by people in times of stress regardless of their scores on these traits.

中文翻译：

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多方面内向和感觉处理敏感性对寻求独处行为的影响


简介独处的状态可能是理想且有益的，特别是对于高度敏感和内向的人来说。方法为了检验这些预测，我们调查了具有全国代表性的美国 301 名成年人样本和 99 名本科生样本，了解他们的感觉处理敏感性水平并评估了内向性与大五量表和多方面的明星内向量表。然后，参与者报告了连续 10 天自愿独处的频率和持续时间、压力水平和主观幸福感。 结果结果显示，社交内向和敏感度显着预测更高的独处动机，无论是自主的还是非自主的。思维内向也预示着更高的自我决定性孤独，但 BFI 内向与这两种动机都没有关系。社交内向和敏感预示着日常生活中孤独的频率更高，孤独事件的持续时间更长； BFI 内向和克制内向的两种结果显示出相反的模式。最后，压力与每日独处频率呈正相关，反过来，独处频率与当天的幸福感呈负相关。与人格特质之间没有交互作用。讨论这些发现表明，内向（通过 STAR 内向量表测量）和敏感性对孤独动机有显着贡献；然而，无论人们在这些特质上的得分如何，他们在压力时期似乎都会寻求孤独。