Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) stands as the most prevalent primary corneal endothelial dystrophy worldwide, posing a significant risk to corneal homeostasis and clarity. Corneal endothelial cells exhibit susceptibility to oxidative stress, suggesting a nuanced relationship between oxidant-antioxidant imbalance and FECD pathogenesis, irrespective of FECD genotype. Given the constrained availability of corneal transplants, exploration into non-surgical interventions becomes crucial. This encompasses traditional antioxidants, small molecule compounds, biologics, and diverse non-drug therapies, such as gene-related therapy, hydrogen therapy and near infrared light therapy. This review concentrates on elucidating the mechanisms behind oxidant-antioxidant imbalance and the evolution of strategies to restore oxidant-antioxidant balance in FECD. It provides a comprehensive overview of both conventional and emerging therapeutic approaches, offering valuable insights for the advancement of non-surgical treatment modalities. The findings herein might establish a robust foundation for future research and the therapeutic strategy of FECD.

中文翻译：

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基于氧化-抗氧化平衡的福克斯内皮性角膜营养不良治疗策略的演变


福克斯内皮性角膜营养不良（FECD）是全世界最常见的原发性角膜内皮营养不良，对角膜稳态和透明度构成重大风险。角膜内皮细胞表现出对氧化应激的敏感性，表明氧化剂-抗氧化剂失衡与 FECD 发病机制之间存在微妙的关系，而与 FECD 基因型无关。鉴于角膜移植的可用性有限，探索非手术干预措施变得至关重要。这包括传统的抗氧化剂、小分子化合物、生物制剂和各种非药物疗法，例如基因相关疗法、氢疗法和近红外光疗法。这篇综述的重点是阐明 FECD 中氧化剂-抗氧化剂失衡背后的机制以及恢复氧化剂-抗氧化剂平衡的策略的演变。它全面概述了传统和新兴的治疗方法，为非手术治疗方式的进步提供了宝贵的见解。本文的研究结果可能为未来的研究和 FECD 的治疗策略奠定坚实的基础。