Biological hydrogen production is seen as one of the solutions to achieve a sustainable energy transition and net-zero emission by 2050. The underlying mechanisms of biological hydrogen production methods are still tenuous in literature. This study uses bibliometric and systematic literature review methodologies to examine the recent and emerging techniques on biological hydrogen production methods and their reaction mechanisms by evaluating 705 articles in Scopus® database from 2000 to May 2024. Scientific visuals were developed for subject areas, top journals, productive nations, top institutions, leading authors, most cited articles, emerging themes, research areas, and reaction mechanisms. The analysis revealed substantial growth in this research area over the past two decades, with notable shifts observed between 2016 and 2019, indicating strong interest from the scientific community. Exploration of the author's keywords reveals that hydrolysis, acidogenesis, carbon fixation, absorption, and nitrogen fixation are the dominant reaction mechanisms of biohydrogen (bio-H) production methods. Emerging themes in Bio-H production research from Scopus® database query shows four clusters with dark fermentation as the most published bio-H production method. Keywords co-occurrence analysis identified hydrogen production, hydrogen, biohydrogen, and fermentation, as the most prevalent. Bioenergy, biofuels, biohydrogen production, fermentation process, wastewater treatment technologies, microbial and biochemical aspects of anaerobic fermentation are the emerging trends for the future. This review acts as a useful resource for researchers, scholars, and practitioners interested in advancing their knowledge of biological hydrogen production. Results obtained from this study can provide valuable information for researchers to identify future hotspots in biological hydrogen production.

中文翻译：

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用于可持续能源转型的生物制氢：对反应机制、挑战、知识差距和新兴趋势的文献计量和系统回顾


生物制氢被视为到2050年实现可持续能源转型和净零排放的解决方案之一。生物制氢方法的基本机制在文献中仍然很薄弱。本研究使用文献计量和系统文献综述方法，通过评估 2000 年至 2024 年 5 月 Scopus® 数据库中的 705 篇文章，研究生物制氢方法及其反应机制的最新和新兴技术。为学科领域、顶级期刊、生产力国家、顶尖机构、主要作者、被引用最多的文章、新兴主题、研究领域和反应机制。分析显示，该研究领域在过去二十年中取得了大幅增长，2016 年至 2019 年间观察到了显着的变化，表明科学界的强烈兴趣。对作者关键词的探索表明，水解、产酸、固碳、吸收和固氮是生物制氢（bio-H）方法的主要反应机制。 Scopus® 数据库查询的 Bio-H 生产研究中的新兴主题显示，黑暗发酵是最发表的生物-H 生产方法的四个集群。关键词共现分析确定氢气生产、氢气、生物氢和发酵是最普遍的。生物能源、生物燃料、生物制氢、发酵工艺、废水处理技术、厌氧发酵的微生物和生化方面是未来的新兴趋势。这篇综述为有兴趣提高生物制氢知识的研究人员、学者和从业者提供了有用的资源。 这项研究获得的结果可以为研究人员确定生物制氢的未来热点提供有价值的信息。