The formation mechanism of high-order (mainly 18 ∼ 23) polygonization of high-speed train wheels has been debated for over a decade. Currently, researchers believe that the mechanisms leading to the high-order polygonization of high-speed train wheels mainly include: (A) vibration of bogie components, (B) self-excited vibration of wheel-rail friction, (C) third-order bending (B3) modal vibration of a segment of localized rail constrained by a bogie, etc. Of these, mechanism C was previously proposed by our team and has been insisted on until now, although it is highly controversial. To further prove the plausibility of mechanism C, through rail modal tests, vehicle tracking tests, and dynamics simulation analyses, this paper systematically proves that (1) the rail B3 mode can induce resonance of the wheel-rail system, which is the fundamental factor causing the high-order polygonization of high-speed train wheels, and (2) there is no significant frequency shift between the vibration frequency of the excited rail B3 mode and the passing frequency of the formed polygonal wheel, with an extreme difference being less than the wheel rotation frequency.

中文翻译：

---

局部钢轨三阶弯曲模态导致高速列车车轮高阶多边形化


高速列车车轮高阶（主要是18∼23）多边形的形成机制已经争论了十多年。目前，研究人员认为，导致高速列车车轮高阶多边形化的机制主要包括：（A）转向架部件振动，（B）轮轨摩擦自激振动，（C）三阶其中，机制C是我们团队之前提出的，虽然争议很大，但一直坚持到现在。为了进一步证明机制C的合理性，本文通过钢轨模态试验、车辆跟踪试验和动力学仿真分析，系统地证明了：（1）钢轨B3模态能够引起轮轨系统共振，这是根本因素引起高速列车车轮的高阶多边形化，(2)激励钢轨B3模态的振动频率与形成的多边形车轮的通过频率没有明显的频移，极差小于车轮转动频率。