Background and Hypothesis The human visual system streamlines visual processing by suppressing responses to textures that are similar to their surrounding context. Surround suppression is weaker in individuals with schizophrenia (ISZ); this altered use of visuospatial context may relate to the characteristic visual distortions they experience. Study Design To understand atypical surround suppression in psychotic psychopathology, we investigated neurophysiological responses in ISZ, healthy controls (HC), individuals with bipolar disorder (IBP), and first-degree relatives (ISZR/IBPR). Participants performed a contrast judgment task on a circular target with annular surrounds, with concurrent electroencephalography. Orientation-independent (untuned) suppression was estimated from responses to central targets with orthogonal surrounds; the orientation-dependence of suppression was estimated by fitting an exponential function to the increase in suppression as surrounds became more aligned with the center. Results ISZ exhibited weakened untuned suppression coupled with enhanced orientation-dependence of suppression. The N1 visual evoked potential was associated with the orientation-dependence of suppression, with ISZ and ISZR (but not IBP or IBPR) showing enhanced orientation-dependence of the N1. Collapsed across orientation conditions, the N1 for ISZ lacked asymmetry toward the right hemisphere; this reduction in N1 asymmetry was associated with reduced untuned suppression, real-world perceptual anomalies, and psychotic psychopathology. The overall amplitude of the N1 was reduced in ISZ and IBP. Conclusions Key measures of symptomatology for ISZ are associated with reductions in untuned suppression. Increased sensitivity for ISZ to the relative orientation of suppressive surrounds is reflected in the N1 VEP, which is commonly associated with higher-level visual functions such as allocation of spatial attention or scene segmentation.

中文翻译：

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精神病理学中视觉感知过程中情境的改变：对比感知过程中调节和未调节抑制的神经生理学研究


背景和假设人类视觉系统通过抑制对与其周围环境相似的纹理的反应来简化视觉处理。精神分裂症 (ISZ) 患者的周围抑制较弱；这种视觉空间环境的改变使用可能与他们经历的特征性视觉扭曲有关。研究设计 为了了解精神病性精神病理学中的非典型周围抑制，我们研究了 ISZ、健康对照 (HC)、双相情感障碍 (IBP) 个体和一级亲属 (ISZR/IBPR) 的神经生理学反应。参与者在具有环形环绕的圆形目标上执行对比判断任务，同时进行脑电图检查。与方向无关（未调谐）的抑制是根据对具有正交环绕的中心目标的响应来估计的；当周围环境与中心更加对齐时，通过将指数函数拟合到抑制的增加来估计抑制的方向依赖性。结果 ISZ 表现出减弱的未调谐抑制以及增强的抑制方向依赖性。 N1 视觉诱发电位与抑制的方向依赖性相关，ISZ 和 ISZR（但不是 IBP 或 IBPR）显示 N1 的方向依赖性增强。 ISZ 的 N1 在方向条件下塌陷，缺乏向右半球的不对称性； N1 不对称性的减少与失调抑制、现实世界知觉异常和精神病理学的减少有关。 ISZ 和 IBP 中 N1 的总体幅度降低。结论 ISZ 症状学的关键指标与失调抑制的减少有关。 ISZ 对抑制性环境相对方向的敏感性增加反映在 N1 VEP 中，这通常与更高级别的视觉功能（例如空间注意力分配或场景分割）相关。