The mean structure and variability of the Equatorial Undercurrent (EUC) have important implications for upwelling, sea surface temperature (SST), and productivity in the ecologically vital Galápagos Cold Pool. Historically, global coupled climate model simulations have exhibited considerable biases in their simulation of the EUC due to the requirement of relatively high spatial resolution to represent its dynamics. Particularly in the eastern equatorial Pacific, models must also adequately resolve important topographic features to accurately simulate the regional circulation. Here, we examine the extent to which a high-resolution configuration of the NCAR Community Earth System Model (CESM) and a suite of models from the High-Resolution Model Intercomparison project (HighResMIP) adequately represent the regional ocean circulation and other important climatological features of the eastern equatorial Pacific such as the EUC and the associated temperature patterns defining the cold tongue/Galápagos Cold Pool complex. Comparisons with satellite SST and velocity observations, and a high-resolution ocean reanalysis product, illustrate that the high-resolution configuration of the CESM captures many key aspects of the SST field and EUC uniquely well, including its seasonal-to-interannual variability in the eastern equatorial Pacific. Specific strengths and biases of this model with direct comparison to the HighResMIP ensemble are discussed in detail, along with the potential for application of these models to interdisciplinary research topics such as projecting climate change impacts on marine ecosystems.

中文翻译：

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高分辨率模型和观测中加拉帕戈斯群岛附近海洋温度和环流的相互比较


赤道暗流 (EUC) 的平均结构和变化对生态重要的加拉帕戈斯冷池的上升流、海面温度 (SST) 和生产力具有重要影响。从历史上看，由于需要相对较高的空间分辨率来表示其动态，全球耦合气候模型模拟在 EUC 模拟中表现出相当大的偏差。特别是在赤道东太平洋地区，模型还必须充分解析重要的地形特征，以准确模拟区域环流。在这里，我们研究了 NCAR 社区地球系统模型 (CESM) 的高分辨率配置和高分辨率模型比对项目 (HighResMIP) 的一套模型在多大程度上充分代表了区域海洋环流和其他重要的气候特征东赤道太平洋，如 EUC 以及定义冷舌/加拉帕戈斯冷池复合体的相关温度模式。与卫星海表温度和速度观测以及高分辨率海洋再分析产品的比较表明，CESM 的高分辨率配置很好地捕获了海表温度场和 EUC 的许多关键方面，包括其季节到年际变化。赤道东太平洋。详细讨论了该模型与 HighResMIP 集合的直接比较的具体优势和偏差，以及这些模型应用于跨学科研究主题（例如预测气候变化对海洋生态系统的影响）的潜力。