High incidence, severe consequences, unclear mechanism, and poor treatment effect happened in Parkinson’s disease-related dysphagia. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is an effective treatment for dysphagia in Parkinson’s disease. However, the therapeutic effect and underlying mechanism of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for dysphagia in Parkinson’s disease are still unknown. Neuroinflammation has been proven to be associated with dysphagia in Parkinson’s disease, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis are common neuroinflammatory processes. Therefore, we compared swallowing quality, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and caspase-1 dependent pyroptosis among NS control, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation control, sham repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation control, and L-Dopa control mice by tongue muscle tone detection, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, western blotting, co-immunoprecipitation, and quantitative PCR. The results showed that NLRP3 inflammasome activation and caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis were involved in dysphagia in MPTP-induced Parkinson’s disease mice model. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and L-dopa inhibited the above two pathways to alleviate dopaminergic neuronal damage and improve the quality of dysphagia. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (1 Hz, 1 time/3 days, 6 weeks) had the same effect on dysphagia as L-Dopa treatment (25 mg/kg/day, 6 weeks). Finally, we conclude that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation will be the preferred option for the treatment of dysphagia in Parkinson’s disease in certain conditions such as motor complications secondary to L-Dopa and L-Dopa non-response dysphagia.

帕金森病相关吞咽困难发病率高、后果严重、机制尚不明确、治疗效果不佳。重复经颅磁刺激是治疗帕金森病吞咽困难的有效方法。然而，重复经颅磁刺激治疗帕金森病吞咽困难的治疗效果和潜在机制仍不清楚。神经炎症已被证明与帕金森病的吞咽困难有关，NLRP3 炎症小体激活和细胞焦亡是常见的神经炎症过程。因此，我们通过舌肌张力检测、免疫组化、免疫荧光等方法比较了 NS 对照、重复经颅磁刺激对照、假重复经颅磁刺激对照和 L-多巴对照小鼠的吞咽质量、NLRP3 炎症小体激活和 caspase-1 依赖性细胞焦亡。蛋白质印迹、免疫共沉淀和定量 PCR。结果表明，NLRP3炎症小体激活和caspase-1依赖性细胞焦亡与MPTP诱导的帕金森病小鼠模型的吞咽困难有关。重复经颅磁刺激联合左旋多巴抑制上述两条通路，可减轻多巴胺能神经元损伤，改善吞咽困难质量。重复经颅磁刺激（1 Hz，1次/3天，6周）对吞咽困难的治疗效果与左旋多巴治疗（25 mg/kg/天，6周）相同。最后，我们得出结论，在某些情况下，例如左旋多巴继发的运动并发症和左旋多巴无反应吞咽困难，重复经颅磁刺激将是治疗帕金森病吞咽困难的首选选择。