ImportanceChildbearing has been a particular barrier to successful recruitment and retention of women in surgery. Pregnant surgeons are more likely to have major pregnancy complications, such as preterm delivery, intrauterine growth restriction, infertility, and miscarriage, compared with nonsurgeons. The average obstetric complication rate for surgeons ranges between 25% and 82% in the literature and is considerably higher than that in the general US population at 5% to 15%.ObservationsThe risks that pregnant surgeons experience were individually analyzed. These risks included missed prenatal care; musculoskeletal hazards, such as prolonged standing, lifting, and bending; long work hours; overnight calls; exposure to teratogenic agents, such as ionizing radiation, anesthetic gases, chemotherapy agents, and methyl methacrylate; and psychological stress and discrimination from the long-standing stigma associated with balancing motherhood and professional life.Conclusions and RelevanceA clear, translatable, and enforceable policy addressing perinatal care of surgeons was proposed, citing evidence of the risks reviewed from the literature. A framework of protection for pregnant individuals is essential for attracting talented students into surgery, retaining talented surgical trainees and faculty, and protecting pregnant surgeons and their fetuses.

中文翻译：

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为外科医生提供安全的怀孕体验


重要性生育一直是成功招募和留住外科女性的一个特殊障碍。与非外科医生相比，怀孕的外科医生更容易出现严重的妊娠并发症，例如早产、宫内生长受限、不孕症和流产。在文献中，外科医生的平均产科并发症发生率在 25% 到 82% 之间，远高于美国普通人群的 5% 到 15%。观察结果对怀孕外科医生经历的风险进行了单独分析。这些风险包括错过产前护理;肌肉骨骼危险，例如长时间站立、举重和弯腰;工作时间长;通宵通话;暴露于致畸剂，例如电离辐射、麻醉气体、化疗药物和甲基丙烯酸甲酯;以及与平衡母职和职业生活相关的长期耻辱感的心理压力和歧视。结论和相关性 提出了一项针对外科医生围产期护理的明确、可翻译和可执行的政策，并引用了文献中回顾的风险证据。为怀孕个体提供保护的框架对于吸引有才华的学生进入外科手术、留住有才华的外科实习生和教职员工以及保护怀孕的外科医生及其胎儿至关重要。